Council on Hemispheric Affairs Forum

Mexico’s Democracy is Abusing Human Rights

2012-01-20T12:37:00.000-08:00

1 http://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFTRE7A90RJ20111110

2 http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL34215.pdf

3 http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/mexico-security-forces-use-torture-in-drug-war/102517/

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Rafael Correa Sueña con estar Distanciado de la OEA

2012-01-19T06:40:00.000-08:00

[1] “Presidente Correa propone que la Celac reemplace a la OEA” Andes Agencia Pública de Noticias de Ecuador y Suramérica. 22 de noviembre. 2011. andes.info.ec

[2] “Insulza asegura que las revueltas policiales fueron un intento golpista”Europa Press. 4 de octubre. europapress.es
[3] “Uribe con Lobo, Correa con Zelaya” BBC. 31 de enero. 2010. bbc.co.uk
[4] “Kintto Lucas tilda de 'dictadura' a Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU” Hoy. 26 de agosto. 2011. Hoy.ec
[5] “Gobierno de Ecuador cuestiona a relatora para libertad de expresión de OEA” El Universo. 5 de diciembre. 2011. eluniverso.com
[6] “Ecuador propone nuevo orden” Hoy. 23 de noviembre. 2011. hoy.ec
[7] Jijón, Milton. Entrevistado por Olga Imbaquingo vía e-mail. 23 de noviembre. 2011
[8] “Rafael Correa critica la 'gran capacidad de manipulación' de los medios” El Mundo. 30 de octubre. 2011. elmundo.es

[9] Valery,Yolanda. “Ecuador entra al ALBA” BBC Mundo. 24 de junio. 2009. bbc.co.uk

[10] “ Ecuador expulsa a otro diplomático de Estados Unidos” El País. 18 de febrero. 2009. elpaís.es

[11] Lendman , Stephen. “CELAC: A Washington-Controlled OAS Alternative” sjlendman.blogspot.com. 4 de diciembre. 2011.

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Rural Colombia: The Potential for the Future

2012-01-18T12:09:00.000-08:00

[1]If the armed conflict and its consequences on property and populations are a subject of permanent concern, it should not mean obliterating the various other issues related to land . Indeed most papers focusing on the displacement speak exclusively of the violence and the armed forces.: "Its centrality in the agenda of Colombian society, relegated to the background the understanding of other spinal problems for human development in the field of population” (PNUD)

[2] PNUD, Informe Nacional de Desarrollo Humano, “Colombia rural, Razones para la esperanza”, p.82

[3] In violation of constitutional Article 6, Law 56/81, the Colombian government allowed Emgesa to perform its own environmental impact study for the Quimbo.

[4] Information taken from documents of the association for the population of El Quimbo (Asoquimbo) and the juridical organization ILSA, based in Bogota.

[5] It will be flooding 842 acres of riparian forest, a sensitive ecosystem. Asociación de afectados por la hidroeléctrica el Quimbo. C.f. http://plataformasur.blogia.com/

[6] Fisherman for example rely almost exclusively on the Rio Magdalena.

[7] The Environmental Hearing on Quimbo hydroelectric project, convened by the Ministry of Environment, Housing and Territorial Development, which took place last February 12th, 2011 in the municipality of Gigante, confirmed that the project was not viable because of the various negative effects that have been reported, particularly the severe impairment of food security and sovereignty and the violation of human rights and fundamental rights of the inhabitants of the region.
This hearing was important: in the presence of control agencies and the media, the communities expressed serious allegations against Emgesa who started work without a license and pressured people to leave their land. The Ministry of the Environment, by Resolution 227 of 11 February 2009, filed charges against the company for allegedly starting work without the appropriate environmental licenses. But by Resolution 0899 of May 15 2009, the Ministry of Environment had already granted the environmental license for the construction of hydroelectric project Quimbo.

[8] The optic of the march was to request from the relevant ministry to ensure each right, and to obtain answers and responsible actions from their part. The presence of police forces created tension and "on the night and after a full day of protest on the route, protesters decided to return to their homes, before the serious risk of the police unleashing repression" (http://www.radiomundoreal.fm/Represan-y-reprimen?lang=es)

[9] http://www .razonpublica .com /index .php /econom -y -sociedad -temas -29/2440-colombia -es -rural .html. . In addition to this, the recent land redistribution law from president Santos addresses certain land issues, exclusively in relation to the armed conflict.

[10] http://www.dnp.gov.co/PORTALWEB/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=vEKHtbJUEns%3D&tabid=1238

[11] C.f. Report from the PNUD, Articles written by the working group Proyecto Conocimiento y Cambio en Pobreza Rural y Desarrollo, Oxfam.

[12] The report of the PNUD focuses on policy options with two priorities (to resolve conflict and overcome poverty) and four lines of work (human security, rural development, institutional development and policy for land. C.f. pp.374-400.

[13] Proyecto Conocimiento y Cambio en Pobreza Rural y Desarrollo ”, http://www.rimisp.org/proyectos/index_portada_noticia.php?id_proyecto=262

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Mexico's Drug War: Not Another Colombia

2012-01-17T07:54:00.000-08:00

[2] According to dictionary.com, corporative relates to “of or pertaining to a political system under which the principal economic functions, as banking, industry, or labor, are organized as corporate unities.”
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/corporative

[i] David Rieff, “Who’s Winning the War for Mexico,” The Wall Street Journal, December 4^th, 2010, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703989004575652784260546668.html

[ii] “Mexico casino arson attack kills dozens in Monterrey,” BBC, August 26, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-14674706

[iii] José A. Ortega, “Cd. Juárez, por segundo año consecutivo, la ciudad más violenta del mundo,” Seguridad, Justicia y Paz, January 11, 2011, http://seguridadjusticiaypaz.org.mx/sala-de-prensa/58-cd-juarez-por-segundo-ano-consecutivo-la-ciudad-mas-violenta-del-mundo

[iv] World Bank Data by GINI index, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator

[v] Lisa Haugaard, Adam Isaacson and Jennifer Johnson, “A Cautionary Tale: Plan Colombia’s Lessons for U.S. Policy Toward Mexico and Beyond,” WOLA, November 2011, 4

[vi] Nazih Richani, “The Political Economy of Violence: The War System in Colombia,” Journal of Inter-American Studies and World Affairs, Volume 39, Issue 2, pages 37–81, April 1997

[vii] Robert C. Bonner, "The New Cocaine Cowboys," Foreign Affairs, July/Aug 2010, 46

[viii] Fernando Escalante, “Puede México ser Colombia? Violencia, narcotráfico y Estado,” Nueva Sociedad, No. 220, March/April 2009, 96

[ix] Fernando Escalante, “Puede México ser Colombia? Violencia, narcotráfico y Estado,” Nueva Sociedad, No. 220, March/April 2009, 92

[x] Malcolm Beith, “Colombia is no Lesson For Mexico (Part I),” InSight Crime, November 28, 2011, http://www.insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1899-colombia-is-no-lesson-for-mexico-part-i

[xi] Ibid.

[xii] Ibid.

[xiii] Elaine Shannon Washington, “New Kings of Coke,” Time Magazine, June 24, 2001, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,157350,00.html

[xiv] Lisa Haugaard, Adam Isaacson and Jennifer Johnson, “A Cautionary Tale: Plan Colombia’s Lessons for U.S. Policy Toward Mexico and Beyond,” WOLA, November 2011, 12

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Cuatro Presidentes Latinoamericanos Se Ponen Del Lado De Iran

2012-01-13T13:08:00.000-08:00

1 “Correa recibirá a Ahmadineyad en medio críticas de empresarios” Expreso. January 10, 2012. Expreso.ec. (in Spanish)

2 “Hugo Chávez acusa a Estados Unidos de querer ''acabar con la Opep'' El Mundo. December 14, 2011. elmundo.es (in Spanish)

3 Fierro Benítez, Rodrigo. “Política internacional” El Comercio. January 12, 2012. elcomercio.com (in Spanish)

4 “Mahmud Ahmadinejad ve al capitalismo en “un callejón sin salida” El Comercio. January 12, 2012. elcomercio.com (in Spanish)

5 “Ahmadineyad dice que América Latina no será más el patio trasero de EE.UU.” La Nación. January 12, 2012. lanacion.com (in Spanish)

6 Minaya, Ezequiel and Kejal Vyas. “US Oil Sanctions Against Venezuela May End Up Helping Chavez” The Wall Street Journal. May 31, 2011.wallstreetjournal.com

7 “Venezuela's Hugo Chavez, Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad joke about 'big atomicbomb'” msnbc. January 10, 2012. mnsbc.com

8 “Envío de remesas a Ecuador cae en el tercer trimestre del 2011” El Comercio. November 23, 2011. elcomercio.com (in Spanish)

9 “Ahmadineyad dice que América Latina no será más el patio trasero de EE.UU.” La Nación. January 12, 2012. lanacion.com (in Spanish)

10 “Mahmud Ahmadinejad ve al capitalismo en “un callejón sin salida” El Comercio. January 12, 2012. elcomercio.com (in Spanish)

11 “Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad welcomed by Nicaragua president Daniel Ortega” The Telegraph. January 11, 2012. telegraph.co.uk

12 Pinell. Edgardo J. “La inusual relación entre Irán y Nicaragua” El Nuevo Diario. January 10, 2012 elnuevodiario.com.ni (in Spanish)

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Ecuador’s President Rafael Correa: Straying from the OAS, But Making Time for Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad?

2012-01-13T11:56:00.000-08:00

^{^[1]} “Presidente Correa propone que la Celac reemplace a la OEA” Andes Agencia Pública de Noticias de Ecuador y Suramérica. November 22, 2011. andes.info.ec (in Spanish)

^{^[2]} “Insulza asegura que las revueltas policiales fueron un intento golpista”Europa Press. October 4,2010. europapress.es (in Spanish)

^{^[3]} “Uribe con Lobo, Correa con Zelaya” BBC. January 31, 2010. bbc.co.uk (in Spanish)

^{^[4]} “Kintto Lucas tilda de 'dictadura' a Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU” Hoy. August 26, 2011. hoy.ec (in Spanish)

^{^[5]} “Gobierno de Ecuador cuestiona a relatora para libertad de expresión de OEA” El Universo. December 5, 2011. eluniverso.com (in Spanish)

^{^[6]} “Ecuador propone nuevo orden” Hoy. November 23, 2011. hoy.ec (in Spanish)

^{^[7]} Jijón, Milton. E-mail interview with Olga Imbaquingo. November 23, 2011.

^{^[8]} “Rafael Correa critica la 'gran capacidad de manipulación' de los medios” El Mundo. October 30, 2011. elmundo.es (in Spanish)

^{^[9]} “Ecuador entra al ALBA” BBC Mundo. June 24, 2009. bbc.co.uk (in Spanish)

^{^[10]} “Ecuador expulsa a otro diplomático de Estados Unidos” El País. February 18, 2009. elpaís.es (in Spanish)

^{^[11]} “CELAC: A Washington-Controlled OAS Alternative” Stephen Lendman’s blog. December 4, 2011. sjlendman.blogspot.com

The Internet in Brazil: E-Progress and E-Censorship in Latin America’s Poster Child

2012-01-12T11:15:00.000-08:00

[1]http://www.newkerala.com/news/2011/worldnews-130313.html

[2] “eSky.pl Set to Conquer Brazil.” Polish News Bulletin.Business.December 21, 2011.

[3]http://www.newkerala.com/news/2011/worldnews-130313.html

[4]http://www.internetworldstats.com/sa/br.htm

[5]http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/818864.html?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

[6] De La Fuente, Anne Marie. Netflix streams into Latin America. Daily Variety.International.P. 12. September 5, 2011.

[7]http://www.borninbrazil.co.uk/

[8]Michault, Jessica. “Brazil is online - but it isn't used to shopping there yet;
Special Report.”International Herald Tribune.Leisure. November 9, 2011.P. 204.

[9]Michault, Jessica. “Brazil is online - but it isn't used to shopping there yet;
Special Report.”International Herald Tribune.Leisure.November 9, 2011. P. 204.

[10]http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jmZguFtaewB6KBdpPgNYmoy71qHg?docId=ac960448d57e401fa538e679932c5313

[11]http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Presentations_Whitepapers/2011/The_Rise_of_Social_Networking_in_Latin_America

[12]http://portaldaclube.globo.com/noticia.php?hash=731607b5fc151482b388ec54aeb2c672&id=32826&t=Neymar%20arruma%20briga%20com%20Eike%20Batista%20na%20internet

[13]Rohter, Larry. “Adept with new media, Brazilian comedians flourish worldwide;
RafinhaBastos is part of a new generation of country's humorists.” International Herald Tribune.Leisure.P. 11. August 9, 2011.

[14] “Brazil leads way in Google content removal requests.” The New Zealand Herald.Tribune. June 30, 2011.

[15]http://cpj.org/blog/2010/04/is-brazil-the-censorship-capital-of-the-internet.php

[16]http://cpj.org/blog/2010/04/is-brazil-the-censorship-capital-of-the-internet.php

[17]http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/2011/11/08/brazil-cybercrime-law-could-restrict-fundamental-rights-internet-openness/

[18]http://www.cdt.org/files/pdfs/CDT-Brazil_PL84-99_comments-2011.pdf

[19]http://www.genderit.org/sites/default/upload/erotics_finalresearch_apcwnsp.pdf#brazil

[20]http://www.genderit.org/sites/default/upload/erotics_finalresearch_apcwnsp.pdf#brazil

[21]http://direitorio.fgv.br/civilrightsframeworkforinternet

[22]
http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/12/26/brazil-murder-or-suicide-of-controversial-blogger/

[23]http://www.engadget.com/2011/11/30/brazil-wants-to-build-south-american-broadband-network-says-it/

[24]http://www.engadget.com/2011/11/30/brazil-wants-to-build-south-american-broadband-network-says-it/

Higher Education in Latin America 2011: The Burden of the Youth

2012-01-12T10:21:00.000-08:00

[1]http://www.scribd.com/fullscreen/54768353

[2] http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/40/093.html

[3]http://www.economist.com/node/21531468

[4] Altbach, Philip; Reisberg, Liz, “Trends in Global Higher Education: Tracking An Academic Revolution,” 2009

[5] Usher, Alex; Medow. John “Global Higher Education Rankings 2010”

[6] http://ww4report.com/node/10597

[7]http://www.economist.com/node/21534785October 29^th 2011

[8]http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/61/2/48631582.pdf

[9] http://www.economist.com/node/21525920

[10]http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/22933-protests-in-chilean-capital-mark-second-day-of-national-strike

[11]http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/22997-education-budget-approved-by-chiles-congress

[12]http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/22979-chiles-senate-approves-budget-after-historic-29-hour-session

[13] http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/23036-chiles-education-system-excludes-and-discriminates-unesco-says

[14] http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20111125210432868

[15] http://www.globalpost.com/dispatches/globalpost-blogs/que-pasa/chile-calls-57000-military-draft

[16]http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/23139-chilean-students-end-symbolic-occupations-after-6-months

[17]http://www.santiagotimes.cl/chile/education/23139-chilean-students-end-symbolic-occupations-after-6-months

[18]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/19635-1-killed-in-cali-skirmishes-in-bogota-as-student-protests-turn-violent.html

[19]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/19635-1-killed-in-cali-skirmishes-in-bogota-as-student-protests-turn-violent.html

[20]http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15288505

[21]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/19635-1-killed-in-cali-skirmishes-in-bogota-as-student-protests-turn-violent.html

[22]http://www.as-coa.org/article.php?id=3798

[24]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/20327-santos-withdraws-education-reform.html

[25]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/20503-colombias-universities-resume-classes-after-month-long-student-strike.html

[26] Altbach, Philip; Reisberg, Liz, “Trends in Global Higher Education: Tracking An Academic Revolution,” 2009

[27] http://www.ireg-observatory.org/pdf/HESA_Global_Higher_EducationRankings2010.pdf

[28]http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/40/093.html

[29]http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/40/093.html

From the Army Base to the Presidential Palace: What to Expect of Otto Pérez Molina

2012-01-10T11:15:00.001-08:00

[1] Amafredo Castellanos, “Alvaro Colom, presidente electo de Guatemala: "integrados logramos más que separados,” Mercados & Tendencias, 18 January 2008, http://www.revistamyt.com/myt/entrevista/121-alvaro-colom,-presidente-electo-de-guatemala-integrados-logramos-mas-que-separados (accessed 26 December 2011).

[2] The Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development. Global Burden of Armed Violence. Chapter 2 Summary: Trends and Patterns of Lethal Violence. 2011 (accessed 29 December 2011). http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/GBAV2/GBAV2011-Ch2-Summary.pdf

[3] Kelsey Alford-Jones, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 9 December 2011.; Global Security, “Guatemala Civil War 1960-1996,” http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/guatemala.htm (accessed 14 December 2011).

[4] Ibid.

[5] U.S. Department of State, “Background Note: Guatemala,” http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2045.htm (accessed 14 December 2011); Global Security, “Guatemala Civil War 1960-1996,” http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/guatemala.htm (accessed 14 December 2011).

[6] Human Rights Watch. World Report 2011: Guatemala, January 2011. http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/guatemala_0.pdf (accessed 12 December 2011).

[7] InSight. “Guatemala Arrests Show Something is Working,” http://insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1226-arrests-in-guatemala-show-something-is-working-but-for-how-long (accessed 10 January 2012).

[8] Sarah Grainger, “Guatemala makes landmark civil war conviction,” Reuters, 31 August 2009, http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/09/01/us-guatemala-rights-idUSTRE5800F720090901 (accessed 17 December 2011).

[9] Guatemala Human Rights Commission. Human Rights Analysis: Guatemala. 8 November 2011, http://www.ghrc-usa.org/Human_Rights_Update_to_Congress_Nov2011.pdf (accessed 10 December 2011).

[10] Kelsey Alford-Jones, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 9 December 2011.

[11] Amanda Kistler, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 13 December 2011.

[12] Vinicio Cerezo, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 9 December 2011.

[13] Ibid.

[14] Center for Excellence in Corporate Social Responsibility, Guatemala, http://www.cim.org/csr/MenuPage.cfm?sections=141&menu=143 (accessed 13 December 2011).

[15] Amanda Kistler, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 13 December 2011.

[16] “What the Observers Saw: An Assessment of Elections in Nicaragua and Guatemala, their Political Implications and Prospects for Rule of Law,” Conference, Brookings Institution, 12 December 2011.

[17] David Nash, “Allegation Letter Against Otto Pérez Molina,” School of the Americas Watch, 26 September 2011, http://soaw.org/news/3785 (accessed 21 December 2011).

[18] World Bank,Guatemala: An Assessment of Poverty, http://go.worldbank.org/37PY9S2I50 (accessed 12 December 2011).

[19] Kelsey Alford-Jones, interview by Lauren Paverman, tape recording, 2 December 2011.

[20] “What the Observers Saw: An Assessment of Elections in Nicaragua and Guatemala, their Political Implications and Prospects for Rule of Law.”

[21] Encyclopedia Britannica, Jacobo Arbenz, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/32294/Jacobo-Arbenz, (accessed 23 December 2011).

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The CARICOM Blueprint for Illicit Drug Trafficking

2011-12-28T12:30:00.001-08:00

[1] http://www.bahamasrealestateassociation.com/member_news2.php

[2] http://www.state.gov/p/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2011/vol1/156359.htm#thebahamas

[3] CRS Report for Congress. Latin America and the Caribbean: Illicit Drug Trafficking and U.S. Counterdrug Programs. Congressional Research Service 2011.

[4] http://www.c-span.org/Events/Efforts-to-Curb-Caribbean-Drug-Trafficking-Examined/10737426327/

[5] http://www.topix.com/forum/world/puerto-rico/T47UA35213AAS90G9

[6] http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/09/25/eveningnews/main20111413.shtml

[7] http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/09/25/eveningnews/main20111415.shtml

[8] Ibid.

[9] http://library.jid.org/en/mono39/taylor.htm

[10] http://www.state.gov/p/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2011/vol1/156360.htm

[11] http://www.haiti-info.com/?-2011-

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[12] Ibid.

[13] http://www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=12420&pageid=&pagename=

[14] http://www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=12420&pageid=&pagename=

[15] http://www.state.gov/p/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2011/vol1/156360.htm

[16] http://www.haiti-info.com/?UN-reports-rise-in-cocaine-abuse

The Internet and Latin America: The Rise of the Virtual World and Emerging Cyber Security Issues

2011-12-23T10:48:00.000-08:00

[1] http://yfrog.com/j2tv5g

[2] http://www.proyectoamparo.net/en

[3] Advertising Age. September 13, 2010. WHAT'S A PHONE GOOD FOR AROUND THE WORLD?;

From Middle East to Latin America, how mobile is being used BYLINE: ABBEY KLAASSEN; AKLAASSEN@ADAGE.COM SECTION: Pg. NAN Vol. 81

[4] http://www.eltiempo.com/tecnologia/telecomunicaciones/ventas-de-smatphones-en-latinoamerica_10852486-4?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed:+eltiempo/titulares+(eltiempo.com+--+titulares)

[5] M2 Telecomworldwire September 1, 2008 Monday Millicom International Cellular S.A. launches 3G services in Latin America LENGTH: 137 words

[6] The Times (London)August 3, 2011 Wednesday Edition 1; National EditionWorld's richest man puts his telecoms company back together again BYLINE: Nic Fildes

SECTION: BUSINESS; Pg. 37

[7] Los Angeles Times May 17, 2011 Tuesday Home Edition LATIN AMERICA; Mexican titans wage telecom war; Conflict among three billionaires plays out in courts, the media and the marketplace. BYLINE: Tracy Wilkinson SECTION: BUSINESS; Business Desk; Part B; Pg. 1

[8] http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2056042/Football-team-players-Twitter-handles-shirts.html

[9] New Scientist July 16, 2011 Tweets to track dengue BYLINE: Zoë Corbyn

[10] New Scientist July 16, 2011 Tweets to track dengue BYLINE: Zoë Corbyn

[11] Financial Times. Investment Adviser June 13, 2011Emerging markets: Bric economies and the internet SECTION: 1361-1593
LENGTH: 473 words

[12] BBC Monitoring World Media Supplied by BBC Worldwide Monitoring November 17, 2010 Wednesday
Social media booming in Brazil LENGTH: 440 words Excerpt from blog posted by Gabriel Elizondo and published by Qatari government-funded aljazeera.net website on 16 November

[13] http://www.noroeste.com.mx/publicaciones.php?id=732926

[14] http://blogs.periodistadigital.com/luzdelasnaciones.php/2007/01/26/p70184

[15] http://elcomercio.pe/politica/371858/noticia-hackers-invaden-portal-estado-peruano

[16] http://www.ntn24.com/noticias/anonymous-ataca-tres-portales-del-gobierno-colombiano-y-uno-de-un-partido-politico-015543

[17] http://southernpulse.com/_webapp_3923733/Latin_America%E2%80%99s_cyber_gangs

[18] http://peru21.pe/2011/12/21/tecnologia/sapz-virus-peruano-que-vacia-cuentas-bancarias-2004118

[19] http://www.southernpulse.com/_webapp_3923733/Latin_America%E2%80%99s_cyber_gangs

[20] http://www.borderlandbeat.com/2011/11/nuevo-laredo-man-tortured-and.html

[21]
[21] http://www.insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1835-twitter-manifesto-confronts-gang-threats-to-mexico-bloggers

[22] The New York Times August 20, 2010 Friday Late Edition – Final Google and Yahoo Win Appeal in Argentine Case BYLINE: By VINOD SREEHARSHA SECTION: Section B; Column 0; Business/Financial Desk; Pg. 4

[23] The New York Times August 20, 2010 Friday Late Edition – Final Google and Yahoo Win Appeal in Argentine Case BYLINE: By VINOD SREEHARSHA SECTION: Section B; Column 0; Business/Financial Desk; Pg. 4

[24] http://www.bnamericas.com/news/tecnologia/Latinoamerica_es_presa_facil_de_hackers_internacionales_debido_a_debil_normativa_contra_fraudes,_segun_SAS

[25]http://www.bnamericas.com/news/tecnologia/Latinoamerica_es_presa_facil_de_hackers_internacionales_debido_a_debil_normativa_contra_fraudes,_segun_SAS

[26] http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EMI249428-15223,00-GENERAL+JOSE+CARLOS+DOS+SANTOS+PODEMOS+RECRUTAR+HACKERS.html

[27] http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EMI249428-15223,00-GENERAL+JOSE+CARLOS+DOS+SANTOS+PODEMOS+RECRUTAR+HACKERS.html

[28] http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EMI249428-15223,00-GENERAL+JOSE+CARLOS+DOS+SANTOS+PODEMOS+RECRUTAR+HACKERS.html

[29] http://revistaepoca.globo.com/Revista/Epoca/0,,EMI249428-15223,00-GENERAL+JOSE+CARLOS+DOS+SANTOS+PODEMOS+RECRUTAR+HACKERS.html

[30] http://southernpulse.com/_webapp_3923733/Latin_America%E2%80%99s_cyber_gangs

Beijing comes to Lima: the Fifth People’s Republic of China – Latin America Summit

2011-12-22T11:03:00.000-08:00

http://www.bizusaperu.com/news_details.php?cat=&noti=2519

http://www.thechinatimes.com/online/2011/11/1935.html

http://www.presidencia.gob.pe/presidente-ollanta-humala-propone-iniciar-el-proceso-de-industrializacion-del-peru-y-america-latina

http://www.presidencia.gob.pe/ollanta/blog?limitstart=10

http://www.mef.gob.pe/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2714%3Apoliticas-de-inclusion-social-hacen-del-peru-un-pais-muy-atractivo-para-la-inversion&catid=100%3Anotas-de-prensa-y-comunicados&Itemid=100148&lang=es

The TIPNIS Affair: Indigenous Conflicts and the Limits on "Pink Tide" States Under Capitalist Realities

2011-12-16T11:40:00.000-08:00

[1]Agencias Redacción Central y - Agencia, "Firman acuerdo sobre reglamento de ley corta," Los Tiempos, December 5, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/economia/20111205/firman-acuerdo-sobre-reglamento-de-ley-corta_152099_315979.html

[2]Agencias Redacción Central y - Agencia, "Firman acuerdo sobre reglamento de ley corta," Los Tiempos, December 5, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/economia/20111205/firman-acuerdo-sobre-reglamento-de-ley-corta_152099_315979.html

[3] Carlos Corz, "Acuerdo sobre el TIPNIS limita la intangibilidad," La Razón, Deember 6, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.la-razon.com/version.php?ArticleId=142363&EditionId=2737; Author unknown, "Después del gasolinazo, Evo sufre otro revés por el Tipnis y su aprobación cae siete puntos," El Día (Santa Cruz, Bolivia), September 21, 2011, accessed November 22, 2011, http://www.eldia.com.bo/index.php?cat=1pla=3id_articulo=63539&pla=3&id_articulo=74195

[4] Carlos Corz, "Acuerdo."

[5] Redacción Central, "Ponen fecha a la marcha a favor de ruta por el Tipnis," Los Tiempos, November 30, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/economia/20111130/ponen-fecha-a-la-marcha-a-favor-de-ruta-por-el_151472_314427.html; P. Cuiza and A. Melgarejo, "Marcha declara vigilia; Gobierno plantea consulta en el TIPNIS," La Razón, December 10, 2011, accessed December 14, 2011, http://www.la-razon.com/nacional/Marcha-declara-Gobierno-consulta-TIPNIS_0_1520248033.html

[6] P. Cuiza and A. Melgarejo, "Marcha declara vigilia;" Author unknown, "Persisten en debatir sobre carretera por el TIPNIS," El Diario, December 6, 2011, accessed December 14, 2011, http://www.eldiario.net/noticias/2011/2011_12/nt111206/0_01ptd.php

[7] United States Central Intelligence Agency, "The World Factbook: Bolivia," last updated November 14, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bl.html

[8] Cabitza, Morales signs new law. Online video (October 25, 2011; BBC World News, October 25, 2011), accessed December 14, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15445538

[9] Author unknown, "Persisten en debatir."

[10] James Read, "Bolivia Amazon road dispute dents Evo Morales' support," BBC News, October 3, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15144719

[11] Bustillos, "Bolivia cancels."

[12] Simeon Tegel, "Left vs. indigenous of Latin America," Global Post, October 25, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/americas/bolivia/111020/evo-morales-indigenous-peoples-environment-politics-peru-amazon

[13] Tegel, "Left vs. indigenous."

[14] ibid.

[15] Federico Fuentes, "Bolivia: NGOs wrong on Morales and Amazon," Green Left (Australia), September 25, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, quoted in Kevin Young, "Bolivia Dilemmas: Turmoil, Transformation, and Solidarity," ZNet, October 1, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.zcommunications.org/bolivia-dilemmas-turmoil-transformation-and-solidarity-by-kevin-young

[16] Kevin Young, "Bolivia Dilemmas."

[17] Franz Chávez, "Native Protesters Celebrate Law Cancelling Rainforest Road," Inter Press Service, October 25, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=105596

[18] Al Jazeera and agencies, "Bolivia's Morales suspends road project," Al Jazeera, last modified September 30, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2011/09/2011930181931356216.html

[19] C. Corz and A. Melgarejo, "El Gobierno Hará Cumplir Caráter de Intangibilidad del TIPNIS," La Razón (La Paz, Bolivia), November 8, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.la-razon.com/version.php?ArticleId=140211&EditionId=2709

[20] ibid.

[21] Emily Achtenberg, "Bolivia: Negotiating 'Untouchability' as the TIPNIS Conflict Continues," North American Congress on Latin America - Rebel Currents, December 9, 2011, accessed December 14, 2011, https://nacla.org/blog/2011/12/9/bolivia-negotiating-untouchability-tipnis-conflict-continues

[22] Corz and Melgarejo, "El Gobierno Hará Cumplir."

[23] Redacción Central, "Todo proyecto en el Tipnis será filtrado por Gobierno," Los Tiempos, December 6, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/economia/20111206/todo-proyecto-en-el-tipnis-sera-filtrado-por_152221_316205.html

[24] ibid.

[25] Chávez, "Native Protesters Celebrate."

[26] Jeffery R. Webber, From Rebellion to Reform in Bolivia: Class Struggle, Indigenous Liberation, and the Politics of Evo Morales (Chicago: Haymarket, 2011), 190.

[27] William Robinson, "Latin America's left at the crossorads." Al Jazeera, last modified September 14, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/09/2011913141540508756.html

[28] Tegel, "Left vs. indigenous."; Read, "Bolivia Amazon road dispute."

[29] ibid.

[30] Young, "Bolivia Dilemmas."

[31] Sarah Hines, "Bolivia Under Evo Morales," New Socialist, November 27, 2011, accessed December 6, 2011, http://www.newsocialist.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=545:bolivia-under-evo-morales&catid=51:analysis&Itemid=98

[32] ibid.

[33] ibid.

[34] ibid.

[35] Tegel, "Left vs. indigenous."; Read, "Bolivia Amazon road dispute."

[36] Emily Achtenberg, "Bolivia: Exploiting the TIPNIS Conflict," North American Congress on Latin America - Rebel Currents, October 7, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, https://nacla.org/blog/2011/10/7/bolivia-exploiting-tipnis-conflict

[37] ibid.

[38] María Cecilia Chacón Rendón, "Untitled," Letter of Resignation to President Evo Morales, September 26, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.lostiempos.com/media_pdf/2011/09/26/295234_pdf.pdf, cited in Young, "Bolivia Dilemmas."

[39] Santa Cruz Chamber of Industry, Commerce, Services, and Tourism (CAINCO), through Center for International Private Enterprise, "Fight Against Corruption in Public Procurement Processes," Application for Grant from National Endowment for Democracy, date unknown, accessed November 21, 2011, http://www.bigwood.biz/Bolivia_docs/20040501-BO-NED-CIPE_funds_CAINCO.pdf

[40] Federico Fuentes, "Bolivia: US Worked to Divide Social Movements, WikiLeaks Shows," Monthly Review - MRZine, September 18, 2011, accessed November 21, 2011, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2011/fuentes180911.html

To return to the article, click here.

Ya Basta!

2011-12-05T10:14:00.001-08:00

[1] San Andres Accords. http://struggle.ws/mexico/ezln/san_andres.html

[2] John Ross. Political Performance. http://www.exterminatingangel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=562&Itemid=427

[3] Puerto Chiapas. Advantages. http://www.puertochiapasmexico.com/en/free-trade-zone/advantages.php?lang=EN

[4] International Labor Organization. C169 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989. http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C169

To return to the article, click here.

Hugo Chávez and the Future of Venezuela

2011-12-02T13:27:00.000-08:00

[1] Embassy of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Eight years of the Venezuelan health care program: Over 300,000 lives have been saved by Mission Barrio Adentro. Washington, DC.
http://venezuela-us.org/2011/04/18/over-300000-lives-have-been-saved-by-mission-barrio-adentro/ (accessed November 29, 2011);
Global Health Observatory Database. Millennium Development Goals: Child Mortality. World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/ghodata/ (accessed November 29, 2011).

[2] Global health Observatory Database. Venezuela Country Statistics. World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/ghodata/?theme=country (accessed November 29, 2011);
International Human Development Indicators. Adult literacy rate, both sexes (% aged 15 and above). UNDP. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/101406.html (accessed November 29, 2011);
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. UIS Statistics in brief: Venezuela. UNESCO. http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/document.aspx?ReportId=124&IF_Language=eng&BR_Country=8620&BR_Region=40520 (accessed May 4, 2011);
UNICEF. At a glance: Venezuela, The Bolivarian Republic of. http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/venezuela_27098.html (accessed November 29, 2011).

[3] Embassy of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Mision Robinson ha alfabetizado a casi dos millones de personas. http://venezuela-us.org/es/2011/03/03/mision-robinson-ha-alfabetizado-a-casi-dos-millones-de-personas/#more-17855 (accessed November 29, 2011).

[4] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011).

[5] Embassy of the Bolivairan Republic of Venezuela. Fact Sheet: Housing in Venezuela. UK and Ireland. http://www.embavenez-uk.org/pdf/fs_housing_in_venezuela.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[6] Ibid.

[7] Lattinnews. http://www.latinnews.com/lwr/LWR22730.asp?instance=14 (accessed April 11, 2011).

[8] El Universal. Venezuelan government built 284,000 housing units in 12 years. http://www.eluniversal.com/2011/02/15/en_eco_art_venezuelan-governmen_15A5164971.shtml (accessed November 29, 2011).

[9] Pan American Health Organization. 2010. Health Information and Analysis Project. Regional Core Health Data Initiative. Washington DC. http://www.paho.org/English/SHA/coredata/tabulator/newTabulator.htm

[10] UNODC. Homicide Statistics. http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/homicide.html (accessed November 29, 2011).

[11] Consejo Ciudadano para la Seguridad Publica y Justicia Penal. Ciudad Juarez, por Segundo año consecutivo, la ciudad mas violenta del mundo. http://www.seguridadjusticiaypaz.org/sala-de-prensa/58-cd-juarez-por-segundo-ano-consecutivo-la-ciudad-mas-violenta-del-mundo (accessed November 29, 2011).

[12] Venezuelan Institute of Data Analysis. Sintesis de las tabulaciones. IVAD. http://www.website.meridaunida.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Resumen-Ivad-Febrero-2011.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[13] P.G. Shooting the Messenger. The Economist. August 16^th 2010. http://www.economist.com/node/21009630 (accessed November 29, 2011).

[14] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011)

[15] Ibid.

[16] Ibid.

[17] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011).

[18] Ibid.

[19] UNDP. Human Development Report 2010. http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[20] ECLAC. Probreza, exclusion social y desigualdad distributiva. Panorama social de America Latina. http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/2/34732/PSE2008_Cap1_Pobreza.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[21] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011);
The World Bank. Unemployment Rate: Venezuela. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS (accessed April 11, 2011).

[22] IMF. World Economic Outlook: April 2011. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/pdf/text.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[23] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011).

[24] The World Factbook. Venezuela. CIA. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ve.html (accessed November 29, 2011).

[25] The World Bank. GDP growth (annual %). The World Bank Group. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG/countries/VE?display=default (accessed November 29, 2011).

[26] Ibid;
IMF. World Economic Outlook: April 2011. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/pdf/text.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[27] Ibid.

[28] Univision Noticias. Chavez: PIB venozolano prodria crecer “el doble” del 2% estiado para 2011. http://feeds.univision.com/feeds/article/2011-04-06/Chávez-pib-venezolano-podria-crecer?refPath=/noticias/america-latina/venezuela/ (accessed November 29, 2011).

[29] Morgan Stanley. Global Forecast Snapshots. Global Economics Team. June 22, 2011. http://fa.morganstanleyindividual.com/public/projectfiles/6e3b9394-6d2a-46f1-a29e-b7f315487979.pdf (accessed December 3, 2011).

[30] The World Bank. GDP growth (annual %). The World Bank Group. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG/countries/VE?display=default (accessed November 29, 2011).

[31] Latinnews. http://www.latinnews.com/LRA/LRA22675.asp?instance=11 (accessed April 11, 2011).

[32] Ibid.

[33] Bloomberg. Energy & Oil Prices. http://www.bloomberg.com/energy/ (accessed November 29, 2011).

[34] Trading Economics. Venezuela Inflation Rate. http://www.tradingeconomics.com/Economics/Inflation-CPI.aspx?Symbol=VEB (accessed November 29, 2011).

[35] Weisbrot, Mark, Rebecca Ray and Luis Sandoval. 2009. The Chávez administration at 10 years: The economy and social indicators. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research. http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/venezuela-2009-02.pdf (accessed April 11, 2011)

[36] The Economist. A coup against the constitution. Economist Print edition. Dec 28^th 2010. http://www.economist.com/node/17796581 (accessed November 29, 2011).

[37] Latinnews. http://www.latinnews.com/lwr/LWR22554.asp?instance=3 (accessed April 11, 2011).

[38] Venezuelan Institute of Data Analysis. Sintesis de las tabulaciones. IVAD. http://www.website.meridaunida.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Resumen-Ivad-Febrero-2011.pdf (accessed November 29, 2011).

[39] Ibid.

[40] Ibid.

[41] Shifter, Michael. 2006. In Search of Hugo Chavez. Foreign Affairs. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/61703/michael-shifter/in-search-of-hugo-ch percentC3 percent83 percentC2 percentA1vez (accessed November 29, 2011).

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A Legal Wasteland – Lawyers, Murder, Democracy, and Justice in Colombia

2011-12-02T12:54:00.000-08:00

[1] ‘Colombia: The Legal Profession Still Under Attack – Report of the second international lawyers’ delegation to Colombia’. Lawyers Without Borders Canada and Colombian Caravana UK Lawyers Group. July 6 2011.

[2] Ibid.

[3] ‘No Justice Without Lawyers – Report of the Caravana Internacional de Juristas’. Lawyers’ Human Rights Delegation to Colombia. August 2008. http://international.lawsociety.org.uk/files/Caravana%20Report%205%2005%2009%20FINAL.pdf

[4] ‘Colombia: The Legal Profession Still Under Attack – Report of the second international lawyers’ delegation to Colombia’. Lawyers Without Borders Canada and Colombian Caravana UK Lawyers Group. July 6 2011.

[5] Ibid.

[6] ‘Promotion and Protection of all Human Rights, Civil, Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Including the Right to Development – Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders, Margaret Sekaggya’. United Nations – Human Rights Council. March 4 2010. http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G10/116/15/PDF/G1011615.pdf?OpenElement.

[7] Ibid.

[8] Ibid.

[9]Crandall, Russell. Driven By Drugs – US Policy Toward Colombia. London; Lynne Rienner, (2008) ; Macy, William L. The Politics of Cocaine – How US Foreign Policy Has Created a Thriving Drug Industry in Central and South America. Chicago; Lawrence Hill Books, (2010)

[10] Stokes, Doug. America’s Other War: Terrorizing Colombia. London; Zed Books, (2005); Isacson, Adam. ‘Optimism, Pessimism, and Terrorism: The United and Colombia in 2003.’ Brown Journal of World Affairs. X (2) (Winter/Spring 2004).

[11] ‘Colombia: The Legal Profession Still Under Attack – Report of the second international lawyers’ delegation to Colombia’. Lawyers Without Borders Canada and Colombian Caravana UK Lawyers Group. July 6 2011.

[12] DeShazo, Peter. and Vargas, Juan Enrique. ‘Judicial Reform in Latin America – An Assessment’. Center for Strategic and International Studies, Policy Papers on the Americas, Volume XV11, Study 2, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/0609_latin_judicial_reform.pdf

[13] ‘Text of the Constitution of Colombia’. The People of Colombia. 1991.

[14] ‘Colombia: The Legal Profession Still Under Attack – Report of the second international lawyers’ delegation to Colombia’. Lawyers Without Borders Canada and Colombian Caravana UK Lawyers Group. July 6 2011.

[15] Ibid.

[16] Ibid.

[17] Ibid.

[18] ‘Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers’. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, United Nations, 1990. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ddb9f034.html

[19] Ibid.

[20] Ibid.

[21] ‘Files Point to DAS “Political Warfare” Plan Colombia and Beyond, The Center for International Policy’s Colombia Program. http://www.cipcol.org/?cat=57

[22] For more on the jailing of Noguera, see http://www.coha.org/former-das-chief-sentenced-to-twenty-five-years-in-prison/

[23] Kutner, Jeremy. ‘How Colombia’s President Santos made peace with the judiciary.’ The Christian Science Monitor. April 7 2011. http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2011/0407/How-Colombia-s-President-Santos-made-peace-with-the-judiciary

[24] The Colombian government also had to meet a number of additional requirements laid down by the U.S. for the consideration of a new FTA, particularly on the protection of trade unionists and teachers. For more, see Peters, Toni. ‘Colombia has met US FTA requirements: Bogota.’ Colombia Reports. 16 May 2011. http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/16304-colombia-has-met-us-fta-requirements-govt.html

[25] Ellingwood, Ken. ‘Law student clinic in Mexico aims high.’ Los Angeles Times. June 14 2011. http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/14/world/la-fg-mexico-legal-clinic-20110614

[26] Rodríguez Múnera, Mauricio. ‘Letters: Colombia Defends its Justice System.’ The Guardian. May 7 2011. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/07/colombia-defends-its-justice-system

[27] Universities and College Union. ‘Colombia’s Dr Miguel Ángel Beltrán absolved of all charges.’ Universities and College Union. June 2011. http://www.ucu.org.uk/drbeltran

[28] Múnera, Mauricio. ‘Letters: Colombia Defends its Justice System.’ The Guardian. May 7 2011. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/may/07/colombia-defends-its-justice-systema

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The Price of Civilization: Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile, Trapped between Development and Environmental Constraints

2011-12-01T09:10:00.001-08:00

[1] Fernando Mathias Baptista, Jjersti Thorkildsen. “The Belo Monte Dam: a camel in the tent?”, February,22, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.norlarnet.uio.no/pdf/behind-the-news/englis/2011/belo_monte-engelsk.pdf.

[2] Robin Yapp. “Factfile: the £9 billion dam that will displace up to 50,000 people”. January, 28, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/brazil/8287123/Factfile-the-9-billion-dam-that-will-displace-up-to-50000-people.html

[3] Maurizio Stefanini “La “Diga Verde” di Belo Monte in Brasile”. March, 9, 2010, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.agienergia.it/Notizia.aspx?idd=463&id=58&ante=0.

[4] IEA, “Key world energy statistics 2010”. 2010, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.iea.org/textbase/nppdf/free/2010/key_stats_2010.pdf.

[5] Annalisa Volse, “La politica energetica di Lula”. January, 10, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://temi.repubblica.it/limes/la-politica-energetica-di-lula/18384

[6] WWF, “WWF-Brazil’s Sustainable Power Sector Vision 2020”. 2007, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://assets.wwfbr.panda.org/downloads/pswstudy_english_summary.pdf

[7] IBAMA, “Ibama autoriza a instalação da Usina de Belo Monte”. June, 1, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.ibama.gov.br/publicadas/ibama-autoriza-a-instalacao-da-usina-de-belo-monte

[8] Erik Lopez “Chile court lift suspension on HidroAysén dam work”. October, 6, 2011 accessed November, 7, 2011. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/06/chile-energy-court-idUSN1E79519E20111006

[9] Alexei Barrionuevo “Chilean Court Blocks Plan for Patagonia Dam Project”. June, 20, 2011 accessed November, 7, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/21/world/americas/21chile.html?_r=3&ref=chile

[10] Sara Larrain and Colombina Schaeffer “Conflict over water in Chile”. September, 2010 accessed November, 7, 2011. http://www.blueplanetproject.net/resources/reports/ChileWaterReport-0411.pdf

[11] Carlo Renda “Enel: Conti; in Cile avanti con HydroAysén, è strategico”. April, 29, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.milanofinanza.it/news/dettaglio_news.asp?id=201104291946001626&chkAgenzie=PMFNW&titolo=Enel:%20Conti;%20in%20Cile%20avanti%20con%20Hydroaysen,%20e'%20strategico

[12] Sara Larrain and Colombina Schaeffer “Conflict over water in Chile”. September, 2010 accessed November, 7, 2011. http://www.blueplanetproject.net/resources/reports/ChileWaterReport-0411.pdf

[13] David Gacs “Indigenous Protests Oppose Amazon Highway in Bolivia”. September, 1, 2011, accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.as-coa.org/article.php?id=3589

[14] Mattia Cabitza “Morales signs new law forbidding construction of Amazon road”. October, 25, 2011 accessed November, 7, 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15445538

[15] Latin News “Morales’s definitive U-turn over Tipnis road”. October, 24, 2011 accessed November, 7, 2011. http://www.latinnews.com/component/k2/item/48798.html?period=October+2011&archive=3&cat_id=786327%3Amorales%E2%80%99s-definitive-u-turn-over-tipnis-road&Itemid=6

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Ecuador: Media Caught in the Crossfire between a Popular President and Defenders of Free Speech

2011-11-30T10:54:00.000-08:00

[1] “Hogueras bárbaras” Hoy, 20 de noviembre. 2003. hoy.ec.com

[2] Pincay, Yolanda y Andrea Ocaña. “Bucaram reinició actividad política en el país”. El Universo. 20 de mayo del 2007. eluniverso.com

[3] Ramonet, Ignacio. “Pedí una pistola para defenderme” Le Monde Diplomatique de España. Enero 2011.

[4] Chuck Strouse. “Emilio Palacio: Ecuadorean Journalist Jailed for Truth” miaminewtimes.com. 30 de Agosto. 2011.

[5] Emilio Palacio. Entrevistado por Olga Imbaquingo. Conversación. Washington, D.C. , 20 de octubre del 2011.

[6] Palacio, Emilio. “No a las mentiras” El Universo. 6 de febrero 2011. eluniverso.com

[7] Emilio Palacio. Entrevistado por Olga Imbaquingo. Grabación. Washington, D.C. , 20 de octubre del 2011.

[8] Ibid.

[9] http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/ecuadors-autocrat-cracks-down-on-media-freedom/2011/07/27/gIQA5BRtfI_story.html

[10] http://www.ned.org/cima/about-cima/cima-news/ecuador%E2%80%99s-autocrat-cracks-down-media-freedom

[11] http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/10141959/journalist-flees-ecuador-to-evade-prison-sentence/

[12] “Debate sobre la Ley de Comunicación”. Radio Quito. 18 agosto. 2011. elcomercio.com

[13] http://www.argenpress.info/2011/10/ecuador-tambien-los-recursos.html

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Security’s Ugly Side: How to Uncorrupt the Corrupt

2011-11-29T11:10:00.001-08:00

[1] http://www.rpp.com.pe/2011-10-11-valdes-afirma-que-se-esta-ejecutando-una-reingenieria-en-la-policia-noticia_411724.html

[2] http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/26/world/americas/26mexico.html

[3] http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8356140.stm

[4] http://articles.latimes.com/2010/aug/31/world/la-fg-mexico-police-fired-20100831

[5] http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-10-20/news/30322174_1_zetas-sinaloa-cartel-police-officers

[6] Interview

[7] Interview

[8] http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904233404576458312223960484.html

[9] http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/democracy_and_governance/publications/pdfs/AC_and_Police_Integrity.pdf

[10] http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15250508

[11] http://elcomercio.pe/politica/1316583/noticia-600-coroneles-tambien-dejaran-pnp-reestructuracion

[12] http://www.insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1700-peru-slashes-police-leadership-to-streamline-force

[13]http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/democracy_and_governance/publications/pdfs/AC_and_Police_Integrity.pdf

[14] https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=10794

[15] http://azstarnet.com/news/world/article_b4670e8a-2f91-5eb5-a83d-c56ffadb121f.html

[16] http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703580004576180771501773358.html

[17] http://www.insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1636-pay-rises-alone-wont-break-chain-of-police-corruption

[18] http://www.criminaljusticedegreesguide.com/features/10-most-corrupt-police-forces-in-the-world.html

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Chile: La desigualdad tras la prosperidad

2011-11-29T11:02:00.001-08:00

[1] “Presidente Piñera lanzó agenda ‘Chile País Desarrollado’ que contempla 50 iniciativas para generar ‘más oportunidades y mejores empleos’”gobiernodechile.cl, last modified September 11, 2010. http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/destacados/2010/11/08/presidente-pinera-lanzo-agenda-chile-pais-desarrollado-que-contempla-50-iniciativa.htm (Translation by author)

[2] “International Monetary Fund Report for Selected countries and subjects-Chile” Accessed November 10, 2011. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=228&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=50&pr.y=2

^{^[3]} Cociña, Matías, “Índice de Desarrollo Humano 2011: Nuestra Desigualdad como Lastre,” de la República, last modified November 4, 2011. http://blog.delarepublica.cl/2011/11/04/indice-de-desarrollo-humano-la-desigualdad-como-lastre/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+delarepublica+%28delarepublica.cl%29 (Translation by author)

[4] Gonzalo Durán in discussion with author, November 3, 2011.

[5] Durán, Gonzalo, “PIB crece en 8,4% el primer semestre, pero ya no basta con crecer,” La Tercera, last modified August 19, 2011. http://blog.latercera.com/blog/gduran/entry/pib_crece_en_8_4 (Translation by author)

[6] Zahler, Andrés, “¿En qué país vivimos los Chilenos?,” CIPER, last modified June 06, 2011. http://ciperchile.cl/2011/06/06/%C2%BFen-que-pais-vivimos-los-chilenos/ (Translation by author)

[7] Andrés Zahler in discussion with author, November 6, 2011.

[8] “The World Bank, GINI Index, 2009”, Accessed November 10, 2011. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/

[9] “OECD (2011), Society at a Glance –OECD Social Indicators, Key Findings: Chile” Last modified April 12, 2011 http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/39/23/47572883.pdf

[10] “Kast calificó de ´vergüenza social `niveles de desigualdad por la OCDE,” Cooperativa, Last modified April 12, 2011 http://www.cooperativa.cl/prontus_nots/site/artic/20110412/pags/20110412142423.html (Translation by author)

[11] “Analisis histórico y estimaciones futuras del aporte de la minería al desarrollo de la economía chilena,” Comisión Chilena del Cobre, 22 (2008) http://www.cochilco.cl/productos/pdf/impacto_economico_mineria_31_de_marzo.pdf (Translation by author)

[12] Gonzalo Durán in discussion with author, November 3, 2011.

[13] Durán, Gonzalo, “El día del Trabajo Decente y la Tijera de la Desigualdad en Chile,” Fundación Sol, Last modified October 12,2011. http://www.fundacionsol.cl/el-dia-del-trabajo-decente-y-la-tijera-de-la-desigualdad-en-chile.

[14] Andrés Zahler in discussion with author, November 6, 2011.

[15] Durán, Gonzalo “La responsabilidad de las 4 mil familias que tienen secuestrado al país,” La Tercera, Last modified October 20, 2011. http://blog.latercera.com/blog/gduran/entry/la_responsabilidad_de_las_4 (Translation by author)

[16] Durán, Gonzalo “La responsabilidad de las 4 mil familias que tienen secuestrado al país,” La Tercera, Last modified October 20, 2011. http://blog.latercera.com/blog/gduran/entry/la_responsabilidad_de_las_4 (Translation by author)

[17] Durán, Gonzalo “¿Ingreso ético o salario ético?” La Tercera, Last modified September 30, 2011. http://blog.latercera.com/blog/gduran/entry/ingreso_%C3%A9tico_o_salario_%C3%A9tico (Translation by author)

[18] Paulsen, Fernando. ADN Radio Chile, 91.7 FM, October 6, 2011. (Translation by author)

[19] Titelman, Noam, “Seguir extendiendo horizontes en la universidad y el país,” El Dínamo, Last modified November 7, 2011. http://www.eldinamo.cl/blog/seguir-extendiendo-horizontes-en-la-universidad-y-el-pais/ (Translation by author)

[20] Mayol Alberto, Araya Javiera, Azócar Carla, Azócar Carlos, “7 Fenómenos Sobre Educación y Desigualdad en Chile: Informe a Prensa de la Línea de Investigación “Cultura y estructura social” CIES, Accessed November 10, 2011. www.ciesmilenio.cl/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/DESIGUALDAD-Y-EDUCACION-INFORME-CIES-U-DE-CHILE.pdf

[21] García, Amparo “Chile: ¿Más Equitativo?,” Blog instituto de Economía, Universidad Católica de Chile. Last modified June 30,2011. http://www.economia.puc.cl/611-chile-imas-equitativo

[22] “The World Bank: Public spending on education, total (% of GDP)”, Accessed November 10, 2011. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS/countries

[23] Sepúlveda, Manuel, “Presupuesto 2012: De histórico, nada,” El Dínamo, Last modified October 19, 2011. http://www.eldinamo.cl/blog/presupuesto-2012-de-historico-nada/

[24] Waissbluth, Mario “Inequidad, tributación y eficencia pública,” La Tercera, Last modified February 9, 2011. http://blog.latercera.com/blog/mwaissbluth/entry/inequidad_tributaci%C3%B3n_y_eficiencia_p%C3%BAblica

[25] Asahi, Kenzo, “Igualmente desiguales,” El Post, Last modified January 5, 2011. http://elpost.cl/content/igualmente-desiguales (Translation by author)

[26]Asahi, Kenzo, “Igualmente desiguales,” El Post, Last modified January 5, 2011. http://elpost.cl/content/igualmente-desiguales (Translation by author)

[27] Asahi, Kenzo, “Igualmente desiguales,” El Post, Last modified January 5, 2011. http://elpost.cl/content/igualmente-desiguales (Translation by author)

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The "Enforcers": MINUSTAH and the Culture of Violence in Port-au-Prince

2011-11-28T12:23:00.001-08:00

[1] Randal C. Archibold, "Haiti Leader Is Opposed to Reduction of U.N. Force," The New York Times (New York), September 22, 2011, accessed September 26, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/23/world/martelly-opposes-reducing-un-force-in-haiti.html?_r=1.

[2] Mark Schuller, email message to author, September 22, 2011.

[3] Bernd Pulch, "Secret."

[4] Matheson, "Statement of Professor Michael J. Matheson."

[5] Democracy Now! "Haitians Barricading Streets with Coffins as Protests against U.N. Continue over Cholera Outbreak," Democracy Now! (New York), November 18, 2010, accessed October 24, 2011, http://www.democracynow.org/2010/11/18/un_blamed_for_killing_2_haitian

[6] ibid.

[7] Ansel Herz. "WikiLeaks Haiti: The Earthquake Cables," The Nation (New York), June 15, 2011, accessed September 26, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161459/wikileaks-haiti-earthquake-cables; http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=10STATE5001

[8] Haiti Libre, Arnaud Robert, and Le Temps. "Haiti - Social: The causes of the failure of the international community in Haiti," Haiti Libre, December 29, 2010, accessed September 26, 2011, http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-1963-haiti-social-the-causes-of-the-failure-of-the-international-community-in-haiti.html.

[9] Herz, "WikiLeaks Haiti: The Earthquake Cables."

[10] Schuller, email message.

[11] Deepa Panchang. "Haiti: Contesting the UN Occupation," NACLA Report on the Americas 43.6 (New York, 2010): 5-7, accessed September 26, 2011.

[12] Tom Brown. "Haiti aid effort marred by slow U.N. response," Reuters, February 26, 2010, accessed October 24, 2011, http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/02/26/us-quake-haiti-relief-idUSTRE61P03N20100226

[13] Harvard Law Student Advocates for Human Rights and Centro de Justiça Global. "Keeping the Peace in Haiti? An Assesment of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti Using Compliance with its Prescribed Mandate as a Barometer for Success," March, 2005, accessed October 24, 2011, Harvard Law School Human Rights Program (Cambridge, MA), http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/hrp/documents/haitireport.pdf: 1.

[14] Athena R. Kolbe and Royce A. Hutson, "Human rights abuse and other criminal violations in Port-au-Prince, Haiti: a random survey of households," The Lancet 368.9538 (2006): 864-73.

[15] ibid.

[16] Coughlin and Ives, "WikiLeaks Haiti: Country's Elite."

[17] Harvard Law Student Advocates for Human Rights and Centro de Justiça Global. "Keeping the Peace in Haiti?," 1; Fenton, Anthony, and Dru Oja Jay. "Declassifying Canada in Haiti: Part I," Global Policy Forum (New York), April 7, 2006, accessed September 29, 2011, http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/186/34468.html.

[18] For more information and background, please see Courtney Frantz. "Leta Restavek: The Suppression of Democracy in Haiti." Council on Hemispheric Affairs, October 17, 2011, accessed October 24, 2011, http://www.coha.org/leta-restavek-the-suppression-of-democracy-in-haiti/

[19] Bernd Pulch, "Secret: Why We Need Continuing MINUSTAH Presence in Haiti," Bernd Pulch, published August 22, 2011; accessed September 22, 2011, http://berndpulch.org/2011/08/22/secret-why-we-need-continuing-minustah-presence-in-haiti/.

[20] Harvard Law Student Advocates for Human Rights and Centro de Justiça Global. "Keeping the Peace in Haiti?," 1.

[21] Coughlin and Ives, "WikiLeaks Haiti: Country's Elite."

[22] ibid.

[23] ibid.

[24] ibid.

[25] ibid.

[26] Andrew Buncombe. "UN admits civilians may have died in Haiti peacekeeping raid," The Independent (London), July 15, 2008, accessed September 28, 2011, "http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/un-admits-civilians-may-have-died-in-haiti-peacekeeping-raid-522317.html

[27] Coughlin and Ives, "WikiLeaks Haiti: Country's Elite." According to the author, this "cable [was] obtained by Professor Keith Yearman of the College of DuPage through a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request."

[28] ibid.

[29] Mark Weisbrot. "Is this Minustah's 'Abu Ghraib moment' in Haiti?" The Guardian (London), September 3, 2011, accessed September 26, 2011, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/sep/03/minustah-un-haiti-abuse

[30] ibid.

[31] Kim Ives and Ansel Herz. "WikiLeaks Haiti: The Aristide Files," The Nation (New York), August 5, 2011, accessed September 26, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/162598/wikileaks-haiti-aristide-files

[32] Naomi Klein. "My date with Aristide," Now Magazine 24.47 (Toronto), July 21, 2005, accessed Spetember 29, 2011, http://www.nowtoronto.com/news/story.cfm?content=148513&archive=24,47,2005.

[33] Ives and Herz, "WikiLeaks Haiti: The Aristide Files."

[34] Greg Grandin and Keane Bhatt, "10 Reasons Why the UN Occupation of Haiti Must End," The Nation (New York), September 26, 2011, accessed September 29, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/163632/10-reasons-why-un-occupation-haiti-must-end.

[35] Democracy Now! Haitians Barricading Streets with Coffins as Protests against U.N. Continue over Cholera Outbreak, Democracy Now! (New York), November 18, 2010, accessed October 24, 2011, http://www.democracynow.org/2010/11/18/un_blamed_for_killing_2_haitian

[36] Ansel Herz; "The Death of Gérard Jean-Gilles: How the UN Stonewalled Haitian Justice," Haiti Liberté 5.10, September 21-27, 2011, accessed October 24, 2011, http://www.haiti-liberte.com/archives/volume5-10/The%20Death.asp, quoted in Grandin and Bhatt, "10 Reasons."

[37] Grandin and Bhatt, "10 Reasons."

[38] Archibold, "Haiti Leader."

[39] Grandin and Bhatt, "10 Reasons;"Bri Kouri Nouvèl Gaye, Mennonite Central Committee Haiti, Let Haiti Live, and UnityAyiti, "Haiti'S Renewal of MINUSTAH's Mandate in Violation of the Human Rights of the Haitian People," Republic of Haiti: Submission to the United Nations Universal Periodic Review: Twelfth Session of the Working Group on the UPR, Human Rights Council, October 3 - October 13, 2011, accessed October 24, 2011, http://ijdh.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Final_MINUSTAH_English.pdf

[40] Frantz, "Leta Restavek;" Democracy Now! "Haitians Barracading."

[41] Hannah Arendt. The Life of the Mind (Orlando, FL: Harcourt, Inc., 1978), 180.

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The Inequality Behind Chile’s Prosperity

2011-11-23T06:57:00.001-08:00