Tuesday, May 22, 2012

“War on Drugs” Comes to Miskito Territory; Claims Innocent Lives

[i] http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/world/americas/us-turns-its-focus-on-drug-smuggling-in-honduras.html?pagewanted=all
[ii] http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/world/americas/us-turns-its-focus-on-drug-smuggling-in-honduras.html?pagewanted=all
[iv] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/17/honduras-dea_n_1523542.html
[v] http://blogs.berkeley.edu/2012/05/19/the-us-war-on-drugs-and-honduras-miskito-people/
[vi] Ibid.
[viii] http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/19/world/americas/from-honduras-conflicting-tales-of-a-shootout.html?_r=2
[ix] http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/news/2012/05/22/commando-storm-village-in-us-backed-honduran-drug-mission-residents-say/#ixzz1vbqARkp6
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Monday, May 14, 2012

In Pursuit of Justice: A History of Conflict between the Foreign Hydroelectric Industrial and Campesinos in the Guatemalan Town of Barillas

[1] Avila, Renata. "Guatemala: State of Siege Due to Hydroelectric Plant " Global Voices. 8 May 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. .
[2] Menchú, S. "Ligan a Proceso a 8 De Los 12 Capturados En Santa Cruz Barillas." ElPeriódico De Guatemala. 5 May 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. <http://www.elperiodico.com.gt/es/20120505/pais/211747/>.
[3] Noticias De Barillas. "Los Hechos De Santa Cruz Barillas." 6 May 2012. Web. 9 May 2012. .
[4] "Guatemalan Town under State of Siege after Clashes." BBC News. BBC, 05 Mar. 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. .
[5] Noticias De Barillas. "Los Hechos De Santa Cruz Barillas." 6 May 2012. Web. 9 May 2012. .
[6] Ibid.
[7] Gamazo, Carolina. "Continuan Las Capturas En Barillas, Huehuetenango." ElPeriódico De Guatemala. 6 May 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. .
[8] Noticias De Barillas. "Los Hechos De Santa Cruz Barillas." 6 May 2012. Web. 9 May 2012. .
[9] Gamazo, Carolina. "Continuan Las Capturas En Barillas, Huehuetenango." ElPeriódico De Guatemala. 6 May 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. .
[10] e-mail
[11] "Guatemalan Town under State of Siege after Clashes." BBC News. BBC, 05 Mar. 2012. Web. 09 May 2012. .
[12] Arrazona, Carlos. "Resurgen En Guatemala Los Temores Por La "militarización" De La Seguridad." Univision.com. 10 May 2012. Web. 11 May 2012. .
[13] Noticias De Barillas. "Los Hechos De Santa Cruz Barillas." 6 May 2012. Web. 9 May 2012. .
[14] Arrazona, Carlos. "Resurgen En Guatemala Los Temores Por La "militarización" De La Seguridad." Univision.com. 10 May 2012. Web. 11 May 2012. .
[15] El Comercio. "Piden a Presidente Levantar Estado Sitio En Población Indígena De Guatemala." El Comercio Newspaper. 11 May 2012. Web. 11 May 2012. .

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Wednesday, May 09, 2012

The Future of Mexico’s Drug Strategy

[1] http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/obama-concludes-summit-of-the-americas-on-the-defensive-about-inviting-cuba/2012/04/15/gIQAVrgAKT_story.html
[2] http://iis-db.stanford.edu/evnts/6716/Shirk-Drug_Violence_and_State_Responses_in_Mexico.pdf
[3] http://iis-db.stanford.edu/evnts/6716/Shirk-Drug_Violence_and_State_Responses_in_Mexico.pdf
[4] http://stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle/2012/mar/19/mexico_presidential_candidate_vo
[5] http://upsidedownworld.org/main/mexico-archives-79/3532-will-mexicos-drug-cartels-influence-the-countrys-presidential-election
[6] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/fernando-henrique-cardoso/drugs-the-debate-goes-mai_b_1411413.html
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Tuesday, May 08, 2012

Russia Turns to the South for Military and Economic Alliances

[28] http://en.rian.ru/world/20100720/159878055.html
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Thursday, April 26, 2012

Commentary: Troubled Peru and the Falklands/Malvinas Dispute

[1]Zuzunaga, Roger & Mellincovsky, Alejandro. El Perú en conflicto ajeno: así actuamos en la Guerra de las Malvinas. El Comercio (Peru). April 1, 2012 Available: http://elcomercio.pe/mundo/1395667/noticia-peru-conflicto-ajeno-nuestra-actuacion-guerra-malvinas.

 [2] Zuzunaga, Roger & Mellincovsky, Alejandro. El Perú en conflicto ajeno: así actuamos en la Guerra de las Malvinas. El Comercio (Peru). April 1, 2012 Available: http://elcomercio.pe/mundo/1395667/noticia-peru-conflicto-ajeno-nuestra-actuacion-guerra-malvinas

[3]Ezard, John. Officers dismissed radar warning of Exocet attack on HMS Sheffield. The Guardian (UK). September 26, 2000. Available: http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2000/sep/26/falklands.world

 [4]Minimiza canciller chileno revelaciones sobre Guerra de Malvinas. Globedia. April 6, 2012. Available: http://globedia.com/minimiza-canciller-chileno-revelaciones-guerra-malvinas

[5] Anniversary of papal action that stopped Argentina-Chile war. MercoPress. November 30, 2008. Available http://en.mercopress.com/2008/11/30/anniversary-of-papal-action-that-stopped-argentina-chile-war

 [6]Argentina se disculparía con Perú por vender armas a Ecuador en pleno conflicto. El Comercio (Peru). March 21, 2010. Available: http://elcomercio.pe/politica/450056/noticia-argentina-se-disculparia-peru-vender-armas-ecuador-pleno-conflicto

[7] Carlos Menem fue absuelto en la causa por la venta ilegal de armas a Ecuador y Croacia. iProfesional. September 14, 2011. Available: http://legales.iprofesional.com/notas/122408-Menem-inocente-fue-absuelto-en-la-causa-por-la-venta-ilegal-de-armas

 [8] Peruvian Army Colonel (ret.). Telephone interview with the author. 2012.

 [9] Telephone interview with Dr. Christian J. Maisch, School of Professional and Extended Studies and School of International Service, American University, Washington, DC, April 23, 2012.

[10] Argentina acusa al Reino Unido de militarizar Atlántico Sur. Taringa. Available: http://www.taringa.net/posts/reviews/13964141/Argentina-acusa-al-Reino-Unido-de-militarizar-Atlantico-Sur.html

[11] Prince William Falklands duty entirely routine – Hague. BBC. UK Politics. February 5, 2012. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-16896591

 [12] Drury, Ian. Dauntless, shield of the Falklands: Navy's most powerful warship sent to South Atlantic today will make Argentina think twice. Mail Online. April 4, 2012. Available: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2124983/HMS-Dauntless-make-Argentina-think-twice-Falklands-threats-ex-Navy-chief-says.html

 [13] Drury, Ian. Dauntless, shield of the Falklands: Navy's most powerful warship sent to South Atlantic today will make Argentina think twice. Mail Online. April 4, 2012. Available: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2124983/HMS-Dauntless-make-Argentina-think-twice-Falklands-threats-ex-Navy-chief-says.html

 [14] Ministros peruanos se contradicen por no autorizar llegada de fragata británica. Emol.com. March 22, 2012. Available: http://www.emol.com/noticias/internacional/2012/03/22/532146/contradicciones-en-gobierno-peruano-por-caso-de-fragata-britanica.html

 [15] Barros, Carolina. Se fisura Unasur: Perú se acerca al Reino Unido. Ambito.com. March 19, 2012. Available: http://www.generaccion.com/noticia/146476/se-fisura-unasur-peru-se-acerca-al-reino-unido

 [16] El Ministerio de Defensa sí estaba a favor que la fragata inglesa venga al Perú. La Republica (Peru). March 22, 2012. Available: http://www.larepublica.pe/22-03-2012/el-ministerio-de-defensa-asegura-que-visita-de-fragata-inglesa-peru-no-ha-sido-cancelada

[17] Rafael Roncagliolo: Perú ratificó solidaridad con Argentina. Peru.com. March 19, 2012. Available: http://peru.com/2012/03/19/actualidad/nacionales/rafael-roncagliolo-peru-ratifico-su-solidaridad-argentina-noticia-47406

 [18] Aquino,. Marco. Britain chides Peru for snub in support of Argentina. Reuters. March 23, 2012. Available: http://in.reuters.com/article/2012/03/23/britain-chides-peru-idINDEE82M02T20120323

[19] British Diplomat. E-mail Interview. 2012.

[20] Congreso citará a Canciller y ministro de Defensa. Cronica Viva. March 19, 2012. Available: http://www.cronicaviva.com.pe/index.php/politica/2-politica/37778-congreso-citara-a-canciller-y-ministro-de-defensa

[21] El Ministerio de Defensa sí estaba a favor que la fragata inglesa venga al Perú. La Republica (Peru). March 22, 2012. Available: http://www.larepublica.pe/22-03-2012/el-ministerio-de-defensa-asegura-que-visita-de-fragata-inglesa-peru-no-ha-sido-cancelada

[22] British Diplomat. E-mail Interview. 2012.

 [23]Britain, Peru Begin Mending Relations With Business Road Show. The Peruvian Times. April 25, 2012. Available: http://www.peruviantimes.com/25/britain-peru-begin-mending-relations-with-business-road-show/15588/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

 [24] British Diplomat. E-mail Interview. 2012.

 [25]Cancilleres de Perú y Reino Unido expresan voluntad de fortalecer relaciones bilaterales. Andina (Peruvian Press Agency.) March 20, 2012. Available: http://www.andina.com.pe/Espanol/noticia-cancilleres-peru-y-reino-unido-expresan-voluntad-fortalecer-relaciones-bilaterales-404935.aspx

[26] Cancilleres de Perú y Reino Unido expresan voluntad de fortalecer relaciones bilaterales. Andina (Peruvian Press Agency). March 20, 2012. Available: http://www.peruviantimes.com/25/britain-peru-begin-mending-relations-with-business-road-show/15588/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

[27] Huerto Amado, Hans. Relaciones comerciales con Reino Unido no se verían afectadas, coinciden expertos. El Comercio (Peru). March 20, 2012. Available: http://elcomercio.pe/politica/1390064/noticia-relaciones-comerciales-reino-unido-no-se-verian-afectadas-coinciden-expertos

[28]Argentina storms out of Americas summit. Al Jazeera. Americas. April 15, 2012. Available: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/americas/2012/04/201241517107911574.html

[29]Uruguay against any Falklands’ blockade; supports trade with the Islands. MercoPress. March 30, 2012. Available: http://en.mercopress.com/2012/03/30/uruguay-against-any-falklands-blockade-supports-trade-with-the-islands

[30]Fernandez, Nelson. Uruguay no apoya un bloqueo comercial de Malvinas. La Nacion (Argentina). March 28, 2012. Available: http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1460312-uruguay-comparo-el-bloqueo-a-malvinas-con-el-que-eeuu-aplica-en-cuba

 [31] Argentina and Uruguay settle seven-year pulp mill row. BBC. Latin America & Caribbean. November 16, 2010. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11764947

 [32] Unasur delivers statement supporting Argentina’s Falklands claim to Ban-ki-moon. MercoPress. April 2, 2012.Available: http://en.mercopress.com/2012/04/02/unasur-delivers-statement-supporting-argentina-s-falklands-claim-to-ban-ki-moon

[33] La historia de la disputa marítima entre Perú y Chile. Peru21.pe. March 19, 2009. Available: http://peru21.pe/noticia/261324/historia-disputa-maritima-entre-peru-chile

 [34] Perú confía que La Haya le dará la razón en demanda contra Chile. Nacion (Chile). January 20, 2012. http://www.lanacion.cl/peru-confia-que-la-haya-le-dara-la-razon-en-demanda-contra-chile/noticias/2012-01-20/170412.html

[35] Interview with Dr. Maisch, American University, Washington, DC, April 23, 2012.

 [36] Humala advierte a Reino Unido de que Perú no es "colonia de nadie." EuropaPress. March 26, 2012. Available: http://www.europapress.es/latam/politica/noticia-malvinas-humala-advierte-reino-unido-peru-no-colonia-nadie-reitera-solidaridad-argentina-20120326180026.html

[37] Peruvian Army Colonel (ret.). Telephone interview with the author. 2012.

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Friday, March 23, 2012

The Cartagena OAS Summit: A Bitter Problem for Colombian President Santos who is Otherwise Witnessing the Best of Diplomatic Times

[1]http://www.infodefensa.com/?noticia=colombia-ultima-el-dispositivo-de-seguridad-para-la-cumbre-de-las-americas-en-cartagena

[2] http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2012/03/19/1156260/chavez-favorable-a-asistir-a-cumbre.html#storylink=cpy

[3]http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/mar/18/debtrelief.development

[4]http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2012/03/07/actualidad/1331108232_780238.html

[5] http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2009/04/at-summit-chvez/

[6] http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/45676000/jpg/_45676635_007187741-1.jpg

[7] http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8004798.stm

[8]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/22049-colombia-takes-neutral-stance-on-cuba.html

[9]http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/22049-colombia-takes-neutral-stance-on-cuba.html

[10]http://www.cubastandard.com/2012/02/07/conflict-over-cuba-spoils-americas-summit-preparations/

[11] http://www.elnuevoherald.com/2012/03/19/1156260/chavez-favorable-a-asistir-a-cumbre.html#storylink=cpy

[12]http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2009/04/13/obama_to_lift_cuba_travel_rest.html

[13]http://www.politicalscoops.com/leahy-and-shelby-meet-with-raul-castro-in-cuba/

[14]http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/08/world/americas/rene-gonzalez-one-of-the-cuban-five-released-on-probation.html

[15]http://peru.com/actualidad/alan-garcia-cumbres-internacionales-son-dialogo-sordos-noticia-45740

[16]http://www.oas.org/charter/docs/resolution1_en_p4.htm

[17] http://www.oas.org/en/about/specialized_organizations.asp

[18] http://www.oas.org/en/about/other_organs.asp

[19] http://www.jid.org/home

[20] Cope, John. “Reforming the Inter-AmericanDefense Board.” Strategic Forum. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University. No. 258. August 2010. P. 1-6. Also see Hamilton, Mark D. “Haciendo malabares con la Defensa y Seguridad regionales en el siglo XXI: El Caso del Colegio Interamericano de Defensa.” International Studies Association. 51st Convention. New Orleans. February 2010.

[21]http://en.mercopress.com/2012/03/09/under-pressure-from-washington-cuba-left-out-of-hemispheric-summit
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Monday, March 19, 2012

The Digital Divide in Latin America: Redefining the Gap from Access to Innovation

[1] Conference website: http://desarrollandoamerica.org/

[2] Statistics from the International Communication Union: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/index.html

[3] Statistics from
the International Communication Union: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/index.html

[4] Norris, P. (2006). Digital divide: civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide., p. 27

[5] Norris, P. (2006). Digital divide: civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide., p. 27-28

[6] Norris, P. (2006). Digital divide: civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide., p. 28

[7] Norris, P. (2006). Digital divide: civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide., p. 28

[8] Galperin, H., & Mariscal, J. (2007). Digital poverty Latin American and Caribbean perspectives. Rugby, Warwickshire: Practical Action PThe Digital Divide in Latin America: publishing/International Development Research Centre. Retrieved April, 2011, from http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/342-3/

[9] Marshall, S., Taylor, W., & Yu, X. H. (2003). Closing the digital divide: transforming regional economies and communities with information technology. Westport, CT: Praeger., p. 23

[10] Direct link to statistics: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

[11] Direct link to statistics: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

[12] Link to conference site: http://www.ieee-latincom.org/

[13] Link to WEO Report: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/index.htm

[14] Link to WEO Report: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/index.htm

[15] Brazil Wants to Expand Broadband Internet Accesshttp://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory?id=14129372

[16] Paragraphs and information taken from interview: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xT3H_fgxqUs&feature=related

[17] http://www.aporrea.org/tecno/n128490.html

[18] http://desarrollandoamerica.org/2011/12/ganadores-regionales-dal2011/
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