Shantel Beach: The Race for Arctic Sovereignty Part I

1. Levon Sevunts, “As Arctic Ice Melts, Canada Reasserts Sovereignty Over Its ‘Northwest Passage’,” World & I 20:1 (2005): 15.

2. Rob Huebert, “United States Arctic Policy: The Reluctant Arctic Power,” University of Calgary School of Public Policy Briefing Papers 2:2 (2009): 8.

3. Secretary of State for External Affairs Joe Clark, “Canada: Statement Concerning Arctic Sovereignty,” Reproduced from Statement 85/49 in the House of Commons, International Legal Materials 24:6 (1985):1724-1725.

4. Donald McRae, “Arctic sovereignty: What’s at stake?” Behind the Headlines 64:1 (2007): 7.

5. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans/canadasoceans-oceansducanada/marinezones-zonesmarines-eng.htm

6. McRae, “Arctic sovereignty,” 4.

7. Richard D. Parker and Zagros Madjd-Sadjadi, “Emerging legal concerns in the Arctic sovereignty, navigation and land claim disputes,” Polar Record 46:239 (2010): 338.

8. McRae, “Arctic sovereignty,” 9.

9. Ibid, 7.

10. Sevunts, “As the Arctic,”15.

11. Rob Huebert, “The shipping news part II: How Canada’s Arctic sovereignty is on thinning ice,” International Journal 58:3 (2003): 295-308.

12. David Akin, “Stephen Harper flexes military, political muscle on Arctic visit,” Canwest News Service, 18 August 2009, www.canada.com/.

13. Akin, “Stephen Harper flexes military.”

14. Hannes Gerhardt et al., “Contested Sovereignty in a Changing Arctic,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 100:4 (2010): 994.

15. Huebert, “The shipping,” 305.

16. Franklyn Griffiths, “The shipping news: Canada’s Arctic sovereignty not on thinning ice,” International Journal 58:2 (2003): 274.

17. Huebert, “United States Arctic Policy,” 8.

18. Huebert, “The shipping news,” 297.

19. Sevunts, “As the Arctic,” 15.

20. Parker, “Emerging legal concerns,” 344.