1. “Guyana: Continuing Growth Boosts Budget.” (February 2010) LatinNews: Latin American Regional Report-Central America and the Caribbean. Retrieved from http://www.latinnews.com/lrc/LRC21923.asp?instance=15
2. World Bank. (2009). Net intake rate in grade 1 (% of official school-age population) [Data set]. Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator
3. World Bank. (2009). Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/country/guyana
4. World Bank. (2009). Improved santiation facilities (% of population with access) [Data set]. Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.STA.ACSN
5. U.S. Department of State. (June 2010). Guyana: country specific information. Retrieved from http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1133.html#medical
6. Korten, Tristam. (16 June 2008). Gang’s terror reign in Guyana years in making. Miami Herald. Retrieved from http://pulitzercenter.org/articles/gangs-terror-reign-guyana-years-making
7. Lloyd, Stephanie. (28 July 2010). The unpaved road: barriers to Guyana’s integration with South America. Council on Hemispheric Affairs. Retrieved from http://www.coha.org/the-unpaved-road-barriers-to-guyanas-integration-with-south-america/
8. (30 July 2001) Opposition protests against ‘Black Clothes Police’ shootings. Cana News Agency. Retrieved from BBC World Monitoring.
9. (30 January 2004) Guyana: more on UK, US envoys' concern about allegations against minister. Caribbean Media Corporation. Retrieved from BBC Summary of World Broadcasts.
10.Guyana: Amnesty International writes to president over police ‘executions.’ Cana News Agency. Retrieved from BBC Worldwide Monitoring.
11. Immmigration and Refugee Board of Canada. (2 February 2006). Guyana: criminal violence and police response; state protection efforts (2004-2005). Retrieved from http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,GUY,
4562d94e2,45f1473f29,0.html
12. Korten, Tristam. (17 November 2008). Where phantoms live. McLeans.ca. Retrieved from http://pulitzercenter.org/articles/where-phantoms-live
13. Editorial. (10 January 2011). Security concerns. Stabroek News. Retrieved from http://www.stabroeknews.com/2011/opinion/editorial/01/10/security-concerns/
14. Ibid.
15. Gafar, John. Guyana: From State Control to Free Markets. (New York: Nova Science Publisher, 2003), 14.
16. Editorial. (13 September 2010). The two main parties should elect a leader from outside their base. Stabroek News. Retrieved from http://www.stabroeknews.com/2010/opinion/letters/09/13/the-two-main-parties-should-elect-a-leader-from-outside-their-ethnic-base/
17. Politics in Guyana: The fear of racial violence. The Economist, Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/node/1317619
Our Forum is a shared community space that supplements the official COHA website. In this site we showcase the resources used in our articles. Feel free to explore our references and generate discussion.
Wednesday, January 26, 2011
Friday, January 21, 2011
Samantha Nadler - Post-Quake Haiti: The Year in Review
1. “One Year Follow up Report on the Transparency of Relief Organizations Responding to the 2010 Haiti Earthquake” Disaster Accountability Project, December 2010/January 2011
2. Ibid.
3. Nienaber, Georgianne. “Haiti still buried under the rubble of duelling NGO’s: OXFAM Report. The Huffington Post. January 14 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/haiti-still-buried-under-_b_805839.html
4. Clayton, Elspeth & Davies, Lucy. “Haiti Progress Report 2010: An Overview of Oxfam’s humanitarian Response to the Haitian Earthquake”. Oxfam GB for Oxfam International. January 2011.
5. “Haiti PM criticises post-earthquake rebuilding efforts” BBC News. December 27 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-12082047
6. Dupuy, Alex. “Foreign aid keeps the country from shaping its own future”. The Washington Post. January 9th 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010706511.html
7. Haiti is Proof of the Failings of International Aid (in French), interview with Ricardo Seitenfus, Le Temps, December 20, 2010.
8. Garret, Laurie. “Haiti’s Year of Living Misery”. Council on Foreign Relations. January 12, 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.cfr.org/publication/23779/haitis_year_of_living_miserably.html
9. “Haiti’s cholera outbreak has not peaked: WHO” AFP Global Edition. January 11 2011. Retrieved from: http://inform.com/health/haitis-cholera-outbreak-peaked-4727966a
10. Ivers, Louise., Farmer, Paul., Almazador, Charles Patrick & Leandre, Fernet. “Five Complementary Interventions to slow cholera”. The Lancet. 376.9758. December 18, 2010.
11. Interview with Congresswoman Waters, January 13 2011
12. Ibid.
13. Klapper, Bradley. “US may support throwing out disputed Haitian vote” The Washington Post. January 7th 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010704158.html
14. “Haiti- Elections: the United States supports the reports by the OAS experts” Haiti Libre. January 16 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-2131-haiti-elections-the-united-states-supports-the-report-by-the-oas-experts.html
15. Aristide, Jean-Bertrand. Online correspondence, January 19, 2011
2. Ibid.
3. Nienaber, Georgianne. “Haiti still buried under the rubble of duelling NGO’s: OXFAM Report. The Huffington Post. January 14 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/georgianne-nienaber/haiti-still-buried-under-_b_805839.html
4. Clayton, Elspeth & Davies, Lucy. “Haiti Progress Report 2010: An Overview of Oxfam’s humanitarian Response to the Haitian Earthquake”. Oxfam GB for Oxfam International. January 2011.
5. “Haiti PM criticises post-earthquake rebuilding efforts” BBC News. December 27 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-12082047
6. Dupuy, Alex. “Foreign aid keeps the country from shaping its own future”. The Washington Post. January 9th 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010706511.html
7. Haiti is Proof of the Failings of International Aid (in French), interview with Ricardo Seitenfus, Le Temps, December 20, 2010.
8. Garret, Laurie. “Haiti’s Year of Living Misery”. Council on Foreign Relations. January 12, 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.cfr.org/publication/23779/haitis_year_of_living_miserably.html
9. “Haiti’s cholera outbreak has not peaked: WHO” AFP Global Edition. January 11 2011. Retrieved from: http://inform.com/health/haitis-cholera-outbreak-peaked-4727966a
10. Ivers, Louise., Farmer, Paul., Almazador, Charles Patrick & Leandre, Fernet. “Five Complementary Interventions to slow cholera”. The Lancet. 376.9758. December 18, 2010.
11. Interview with Congresswoman Waters, January 13 2011
12. Ibid.
13. Klapper, Bradley. “US may support throwing out disputed Haitian vote” The Washington Post. January 7th 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/07/AR2011010704158.html
14. “Haiti- Elections: the United States supports the reports by the OAS experts” Haiti Libre. January 16 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-2131-haiti-elections-the-united-states-supports-the-report-by-the-oas-experts.html
15. Aristide, Jean-Bertrand. Online correspondence, January 19, 2011
Alexandra Reed and Nicky Pear - Dredging Up an Old Issue: An Analysis of the Long-Standing Dispute between Costa Rica and Nicaragua over the San Juan River
1. Gomez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
2. “Costa Rica Institutes Proceedings Against Nicaragua.” International Court of Justice. 19 Nov. 2010. http://www.icj-cij.org/presscom/index.php?p1=6&p2=1
3. Costa Rica remains without a military.
4. Esteban Oviedo. “Chinchilla incluye a Nicaragua entre ‘enemigos.’” La Nación. 6 Dec. 2010.
http://www.nacion.com/2010-12-06/ElPais/NotasSecundarias/ElPais2613046.aspx
5. Nicaragua’s “The Truths that Costa Rica Hides about the San Juan de Nicaragua River” can be accessed here: www.tortillaconsal.com/rio_san_juan_truth.pdf
6. Berrios, Bertha. “San Juan River - Border Dispute Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua” 23 April. 2004. www.geog.umd.edu/academic/undergrad/harper/Berrios.pdf
7. Dispute Regarding Navigational and Related Rights (Costa Rica v. Nicaragua) International Court of Justice. 13 July. 2009. www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/133/15325.pdf
8. Berrios, Bertha.. “San Juan River - Border Dispute Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua” 23 April. 2004. www.geog.umd.edu/academic/undergrad/harper/Berrios.pdf. 9
9. http://www.eurasiareview.com/world-news/latin-america/9828-costa-rica-nicaragua-border-conflict-heats-up
10. Nicaragua’s “The Truths that Costa Rica Hides about the San Juan de Nicaragua River” can be accessed here: www.tortillaconsal.com/rio_san_juan_truth.pdf
11. Francisco Campbell, Nicaraguan Ambassador to the United States, Personal Interview with the authors. Dec. 9, 2010.
12. Jorge I. Domínguez. “Boundary Disputes in Latin America”. United States Institute of Peace. Washington, DC: 2003, 28. For example, in the case of Argentina, successive presidents (including current President Cristina Kirchner) have played up to Argentines’ nationalist desire to reclaim the Falkland Islands from Britain, both before and after the unsuccessful Falklands War in 1982. Likewise, Bolivia’s quest to recover its coastline from Chile still retains considerable political appeal in La Paz, more than 100 years after it was lost in the War of the Pacific.
14. Translated from the Spanish by Alexandra Reed. Original: “Esa unidad que hemos logrado los nicaragüenses y que ha tratado de capitalizar Daniel Ortega, tendrá una duración relativamente breve, porque en nuestro país es difícil de enfocar un tema por mucho tiempo.” Ramón H. Potosme. “Ortega busca sacudirse observación internacional.” El Nuevo Diario. 14 Nov. 2010. http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/politica/87942.
15. “Costa Rican President Urges Restraint in Border Dispute.” CNN World. 4 November 2010. http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-04/world/costa.rica.nicaragua.dispute_1_nicaraguans-boundary-dispute-san-juan-river?_s=PM:WORLD
16. “Costa Rican President Urges Restraint in Border Dispute.”
17. “Costa Rica Institutes Proceedings Against Nicaragua.” International Court of Justice. 19 Nov. 2010. http://www.icj-cij.org/presscom/index.php?p1=6&p2=1
18. OAS press release 8 December 2010.
19. Gamez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
20. Gomez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
21. http://www.insidecostarica.com/dailynews/2010/december/08/costarica10120801.htm
22. Translated from the Spanish by Alexandra Reed. Original: “la peculiar interpretación del Gobierno nicaragüense sobre el Derecho Internacional es que solo tiene legitimidad lo que lo beneficia, y que, por tanto, se debe tolerar la ocupación armada de territorio de otro país…” Costa Rica’s “The Truth about the Incursion, Occupation, Use and Damage of Costa Rican Territory by Nicaragua” can be accessed here: http://www.rree.go.cr/ministerio/files/LA_VERDAD_CR_(Par.pdf
23. “What Are the Prospects for Costa Rica-Nicaragua Relations?” Inter-American Dialogue. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32&pubID=2509&s=.
24. Jorge I. Domínguez. “Boundary Disputes in Latin America”. United States Institute of Peace. Washington, DC: 2003, 34.
25. U.S. Sentator calls for freeze of Nicaraguan Aid’ Tico Times. http://www.ticotimes.net/News/News-Briefs/U.S.-senator-calls-for-freeze-of-Nicaraguan-aid_Wednesday-December-15-2010
1. Gomez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
2. “Costa Rica Institutes Proceedings Against Nicaragua.” International Court of Justice. 19 Nov. 2010. http://www.icj-cij.org/presscom/index.php?p1=6&p2=1
3. Costa Rica remains without a military.
4. Esteban Oviedo. “Chinchilla incluye a Nicaragua entre ‘enemigos.’” La Nación. 6 Dec. 2010.
http://www.nacion.com/2010-12-06/ElPais/NotasSecundarias/ElPais2613046.aspx
5. Nicaragua’s “The Truths that Costa Rica Hides about the San Juan de Nicaragua River” can be accessed here: www.tortillaconsal.com/rio_san_juan_truth.pdf
6. Berrios, Bertha. “San Juan River - Border Dispute Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua” 23 April. 2004. www.geog.umd.edu/academic/undergrad/harper/Berrios.pdf
7. Dispute Regarding Navigational and Related Rights (Costa Rica v. Nicaragua) International Court of Justice. 13 July. 2009. www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/133/15325.pdf
8. Berrios, Bertha.. “San Juan River - Border Dispute Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua” 23 April. 2004. www.geog.umd.edu/academic/undergrad/harper/Berrios.pdf. 9
9. http://www.eurasiareview.com/world-news/latin-america/9828-costa-rica-nicaragua-border-conflict-heats-up
10. Nicaragua’s “The Truths that Costa Rica Hides about the San Juan de Nicaragua River” can be accessed here: www.tortillaconsal.com/rio_san_juan_truth.pdf
11. Francisco Campbell, Nicaraguan Ambassador to the United States, Personal Interview with the authors. Dec. 9, 2010.
12. Jorge I. Domínguez. “Boundary Disputes in Latin America”. United States Institute of Peace. Washington, DC: 2003, 28. For example, in the case of Argentina, successive presidents (including current President Cristina Kirchner) have played up to Argentines’ nationalist desire to reclaim the Falkland Islands from Britain, both before and after the unsuccessful Falklands War in 1982. Likewise, Bolivia’s quest to recover its coastline from Chile still retains considerable political appeal in La Paz, more than 100 years after it was lost in the War of the Pacific.
14. Translated from the Spanish by Alexandra Reed. Original: “Esa unidad que hemos logrado los nicaragüenses y que ha tratado de capitalizar Daniel Ortega, tendrá una duración relativamente breve, porque en nuestro país es difícil de enfocar un tema por mucho tiempo.” Ramón H. Potosme. “Ortega busca sacudirse observación internacional.” El Nuevo Diario. 14 Nov. 2010. http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/politica/87942.
15. “Costa Rican President Urges Restraint in Border Dispute.” CNN World. 4 November 2010. http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-04/world/costa.rica.nicaragua.dispute_1_nicaraguans-boundary-dispute-san-juan-river?_s=PM:WORLD
16. “Costa Rican President Urges Restraint in Border Dispute.”
17. “Costa Rica Institutes Proceedings Against Nicaragua.” International Court of Justice. 19 Nov. 2010. http://www.icj-cij.org/presscom/index.php?p1=6&p2=1
18. OAS press release 8 December 2010.
19. Gamez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
20. Gomez, Pablo. “Costa Rica and Nicaragua at ICJ.” Radio Netherlands Worldwide. 19 January 19, 2011. http://www.rnw.nl/international-justice/article/costa-rica-and-nicaragua-icj
21. http://www.insidecostarica.com/dailynews/2010/december/08/costarica10120801.htm
22. Translated from the Spanish by Alexandra Reed. Original: “la peculiar interpretación del Gobierno nicaragüense sobre el Derecho Internacional es que solo tiene legitimidad lo que lo beneficia, y que, por tanto, se debe tolerar la ocupación armada de territorio de otro país…” Costa Rica’s “The Truth about the Incursion, Occupation, Use and Damage of Costa Rican Territory by Nicaragua” can be accessed here: http://www.rree.go.cr/ministerio/files/LA_VERDAD_CR_(Par.pdf
23. “What Are the Prospects for Costa Rica-Nicaragua Relations?” Inter-American Dialogue. 16 Nov. 2010. http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32&pubID=2509&s=.
24. Jorge I. Domínguez. “Boundary Disputes in Latin America”. United States Institute of Peace. Washington, DC: 2003, 34.
25. U.S. Sentator calls for freeze of Nicaraguan Aid’ Tico Times. http://www.ticotimes.net/News/News-Briefs/U.S.-senator-calls-for-freeze-of-Nicaraguan-aid_Wednesday-December-15-2010
Thursday, December 09, 2010
Robin Burnette: Martinelli’s Chorizo Law Gets Sliced, but Concerns Remain Over His Past and Potential Future Machinations
1 http://www.newsroompanama.com/business/legal/1434-interpretinglaw-30-the-sausage-law-a-challenge-to-democracy.html
2 http://www.coha.org/panama’s-unraveling-democracy-the-social-cost-of-martinelli’s-chorizo-law/
3 http://www.prensa.com/hoy/panorama/2388410.asp
4 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
5 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20100711182056939
6 http://mostlywater.org/panama_general_strike_rejects_killings_antilabor_laws
7 http://www.newsroompanama.com/business/legal/1434-interpretinglaw-30-the-sausage-law-a-challenge-to-democracy.html?start=1
8 Ibid, The Panama News.
9 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2026938,00.html#ixzz15604jbFR
10 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
11 http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_16/issue_11/news_01.html
12 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
13 http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_16/issue_11/news_01.html
14 http://www.newsroompanama.com/panama/1588-martinellis-approval-rating-crashes-and-cabinet-follows-suit.html
15 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20101016135207235
16 http://es.noticias.yahoo.com/9/20101116/twl-la-popularidad-de-martinelli-sube-4-e1e34ad.html
17 Jackson, Eric: E-Mail Interview, December 1, 2010
18 http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2010/10/07/uhora/local_2010100718023626.asp
19 http://en.rsf.org/panama-absurd-and-dangerous-ruling-bans-07-10-2010,38510.html
20 http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2010/10/07/uhora/local_2010100718023626.asp
21 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20101119111847527
22 http://en.rsf.org/panama-absurd-and-dangerous-ruling-bans-07-10-2010,38510.html
23 http://cpj.org/2010/10/in-panama-defamation-conviction-draws-outcry.php
2 http://www.coha.org/panama’s-unraveling-democracy-the-social-cost-of-martinelli’s-chorizo-law/
3 http://www.prensa.com/hoy/panorama/2388410.asp
4 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
5 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20100711182056939
6 http://mostlywater.org/panama_general_strike_rejects_killings_antilabor_laws
7 http://www.newsroompanama.com/business/legal/1434-interpretinglaw-30-the-sausage-law-a-challenge-to-democracy.html?start=1
8 Ibid, The Panama News.
9 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2026938,00.html#ixzz15604jbFR
10 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
11 http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_16/issue_11/news_01.html
12 http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/panama/campaign-update-panamanian-president-agrees-revoke-law-30
13 http://www.thepanamanews.com/pn/v_16/issue_11/news_01.html
14 http://www.newsroompanama.com/panama/1588-martinellis-approval-rating-crashes-and-cabinet-follows-suit.html
15 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20101016135207235
16 http://es.noticias.yahoo.com/9/20101116/twl-la-popularidad-de-martinelli-sube-4-e1e34ad.html
17 Jackson, Eric: E-Mail Interview, December 1, 2010
18 http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2010/10/07/uhora/local_2010100718023626.asp
19 http://en.rsf.org/panama-absurd-and-dangerous-ruling-bans-07-10-2010,38510.html
20 http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2010/10/07/uhora/local_2010100718023626.asp
21 http://www.panama-guide.com/article.php/20101119111847527
22 http://en.rsf.org/panama-absurd-and-dangerous-ruling-bans-07-10-2010,38510.html
23 http://cpj.org/2010/10/in-panama-defamation-conviction-draws-outcry.php
Monday, December 06, 2010
Joseph Crupi: Haiti's Election Debacle
1 http://www.laprensasa.com/2.0/3/309/930638/America-in-English/2-Die-in-Haiti-election-violence.html
2 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/8164791/Attacks-in-Haiti-in-last-hours-before-election.html
3 http://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-461/10
4 http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/11/28/haiti-election-candidates457.html
5 http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-1772-haiti-elections-mirlande-manigat-said-that-frauds-are-at-the-benefit-of-inite.html
6 http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/world/208577/election-chaos-in-haiti-as-candidates-cry-foul
7 http://caracas.eluniversal.com/2010/11/30/int_ava_martelly-y-manigat-e_30A4795097.shtml
8 http://www.progressive.org/mpdanto120110.html
9 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/29/AR2010112905619.html
10 http://www.aaj.tv/2010/11/haiti-elections-going-well-un-mission-chief/
11 http://www.latinnews.com/lwr/LWR22480.asp?instance=1
2 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/8164791/Attacks-in-Haiti-in-last-hours-before-election.html
3 http://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-461/10
4 http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/11/28/haiti-election-candidates457.html
5 http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-1772-haiti-elections-mirlande-manigat-said-that-frauds-are-at-the-benefit-of-inite.html
6 http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/world/208577/election-chaos-in-haiti-as-candidates-cry-foul
7 http://caracas.eluniversal.com/2010/11/30/int_ava_martelly-y-manigat-e_30A4795097.shtml
8 http://www.progressive.org/mpdanto120110.html
9 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/29/AR2010112905619.html
10 http://www.aaj.tv/2010/11/haiti-elections-going-well-un-mission-chief/
11 http://www.latinnews.com/lwr/LWR22480.asp?instance=1
Thursday, December 02, 2010
Geoff LeGrand: Bienvenido Señor Ahmadinejad: Tehran’s Expanding Latin American Grid
1 Farah, Douglas. "Iran in Latin America: An Overview." In Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance", Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center for International Scholars, 2008, 13 and Dodson, Michael and Manochehr Dorraj. “Populism and Foreign Policy in Venezuela and Iran.” The Whitehead Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations, 2008, 71-87. http://blogs.shu.edu/diplomacy/files/archives/08%20Dodson.pdf
2 Brun, Elodie. "Iran's Place in Venezuelan Foreign Policy." In Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance", Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits, 35-49. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center for International Scholars, 2008, 35
3 Douglas 2008, 13
4 "Mexico; Energy cooperation agreement with Iran - with emphasis on nuclear energy." Voice of the Republic of Iran. Tehran, 1991.Retreived from LexisNexis.
5 “Member States.” Organization of the Islamic Conference. http://www.oic-oci.org/member_states.asp
6 Frasco, Robert and Ariel Farrar-Wellman, “Argentina-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/argentina-iran-foreign-relations
7 "Iran Triples Latin American Trade To US $2.9 Billion." Santiago Times. Santiago, 2009. http://www.santiagotimes.cl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17784:iran-triples-latin-american-trade-to-us29-billion&catid=48:other&Itemid=122.
8 “Hillary Clinton fails to convince Brazil to support Iran sanctions.” Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/0304/Hillary-Clinton-fails-to-convince-Brazil-to-support-Iran-sanctions, “Iran signs nuclear fuel-swap deal with Turkey.” BBC news. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8685846.stm,
9 “Ecuador, Iran agree to build 3 hydroelectric centers.” China People’s Daily.2010 http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90852/6913478.html
10 Arsenault, Chris “Venezuela's multi-polar disorder.” Al Jazeera 2010. http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2010/10/20101021235410120197.html
11 “Iran, Bolivia united against imperialism” Press TV 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/148405.html, “No uranium plan with Iran: Bolivia” Press TV 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/149155.html
12 "Iran , Venezuela vow to form anti-imperialism front."Press TV. 2009. http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=105376§ionid=351020101.
13 Farah 2008, 15
14 Iran Economic Indicators. European Union http://ec.europa.eu/trade/creating-opportunities/bilateral-relations/countries/iran/
15 Perez-Stable, Marifeli. "Brazil key to curbing Iran's influence" Miami Herald. Miami, 2010. http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/04/23/1593789/brazil-key-to-curbing-irans-influence.html
16 "Iran Triples Latin American Trade To US $2.9 Billion."
17 Maradiaga, Félix and Javier Melendez “Iranian-Nicaraguan Relations Under the Sandinista Government.” In In Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance", Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas.
18 Farah 2008, 14-15
19 “Iran to transfer technology to Venezuela.”PressTV.2010. http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/147379.html
20 Javad Heydarian, Richard ”Iran’s Adventures in Latin America.” Foreign Policy in Focus.2010.
http://www.fpif.org/articles/irans_adventures_in_latin_america.
21 “Iran loans 200 million euros to Bolivia.” PressTV. 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140857.html and Frasco, Robert and Ariel Farrar-Wellman, “Bolivia-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/bolivia-iran-foreign-relations
22 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Ecuador-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/ecuador-iran-foreign-relations
23 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Cuba-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/cuba-iran-foreign-relations
24 “Argentina-Iran Foreign Relations” and Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Chile-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Chile-iran-foreign-relations
25 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Brazil-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Brazil-iran-foreign-relations
26 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Mexico-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Mexico-iran-foreign-relations
27 Nasseri, Ladane "Iran Khodro to Make More Cars in Senegal, Venezuela" Bloomberg.2006. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-10-11/iran-khodro-to-make-more-cars-in-senegal-venezuela.html
28 Farah, Douglas. "Iran In The Western Hemisphere." Testimony Before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittees on the Western Hemisphere The Middle East Terrorism, Nonproliferation and Trade. October 2009. http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/111/fara102709.pdf
29 "MP says Iran should not invest in Latin America." Aftab-e Yazd. 2009. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "Iranian MP defends president's policies in Latin America." Press TV 2009. Retrieved from LexisNexis.
30 Richard, Ivan. "Presidential advisor says Brazil ‘not defending’ Iran" Agencia Brasil. Brasilia, 2010, Janiot, Patricia and Juan Munoz. “President-elect: Brazil will keep Iran ties, remain global player” CNN http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-04/world/brazil.rousseff.interview_1_president-luiz-inacio-lula-jose-serra-brazilian-women?_s=PM:WORLD and “Brazil president-elect speaks against Iran stoning.” Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/03/AR2010110305762.html
31 "Iranian official says Argentine remarks 'move to promote Zionist regime's aims'." Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran Network 1. Tehran, 1997, Alconada Mon, Hugo. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "The Shadow of Iran in Argentina Takes on a Suspicious Shape." in Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance, Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits, 51-64. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center for International Scholars, 2008.
32 Farah 2008, 14-15
33 Ibid, 16
34 Ibid
35 O'Connor, Anne-Marie, and Mary Beth Sheridan. "Iran's Invisible Nicaragua Embassy; Feared Stronghold Never Materialized" Washington Post 2009. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/12/AR2009071202337.html
36 "Iran Latin America confab sees expansion of commercial ties." Vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran Network 1. 2008. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "Iran , Latin America construct new world system” PressTV 2008, http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/68734.html "Venezuela ' s Chavez attends unveiling of Simon Bolivar statue in Tehran." Iranian News Agency (IRNA), 2004. Retrieved from LexisNexis.
37 For example, see Iran and Latin America: Ayatollahs in the Backyard. The Economist.2009. http://www.economist.com/node/14969124?story_id=14969124
38 Gertz, Bill. "Iran boosts Qods shock troops in Venezuela ; Pentagon predicts U . S . clash with Islamist paramilitary.” Washington Times. 2010. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/apr/21/iran-boosts-qods-shock-troops-in-venezuela/
39 Farah 2008, 17
40 Ibid
41 Melman, Yossi. "Argentina: Iran behind bombs at Israeli embassy, Jewish center" Haaretz, 2007. http://www.haaretz.com/news/argentina-iran-behind-bombs-at-israeli-embassy-jewish-center-1.235493
42 Hennigan, Tom. "US fears over Iranian presence in Latin America." Irish Times, 2010. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2010/0424/1224269035362.html
43 For more in depth examination of the general implications of the development of an “Axis of Oil” see: Leverett, Flynt. The New Axis of Oil. New America Foundation, 2006. http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/the_new_axis_of_oil and Stelzer, Irwin M. "The Axis of Oil." Weekly Standard, 2005. www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/.../200alybw.asp
44 For example, see Walser, Ray. “What to Do about Hugo Chavez: Venezuela's Challenge to Security in the Americas.” Heritage Foundation, 2009. http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2009/02/what-to-do-about-hugo-chaacutevez-venezuelas-challenge-to-security-in-the-americas
45 Karmon 2009, 14
46 Farah 2009
47 Walser 2009
48 Farah 2008, 15
49 Abn, Tamara Pearson. "North American Imperialism and the Extreme Right are Behind Coup in Honduras: Chavez." Venezuelaanalysis.com, 2010. http://venezuelaanalysis.com/news/4555.
50 Leverett 2005
2 Brun, Elodie. "Iran's Place in Venezuelan Foreign Policy." In Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance", Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits, 35-49. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center for International Scholars, 2008, 35
3 Douglas 2008, 13
4 "Mexico; Energy cooperation agreement with Iran - with emphasis on nuclear energy." Voice of the Republic of Iran. Tehran, 1991.Retreived from LexisNexis.
5 “Member States.” Organization of the Islamic Conference. http://www.oic-oci.org/member_states.asp
6 Frasco, Robert and Ariel Farrar-Wellman, “Argentina-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/argentina-iran-foreign-relations
7 "Iran Triples Latin American Trade To US $2.9 Billion." Santiago Times. Santiago, 2009. http://www.santiagotimes.cl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17784:iran-triples-latin-american-trade-to-us29-billion&catid=48:other&Itemid=122.
8 “Hillary Clinton fails to convince Brazil to support Iran sanctions.” Christian Science Monitor. http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/0304/Hillary-Clinton-fails-to-convince-Brazil-to-support-Iran-sanctions, “Iran signs nuclear fuel-swap deal with Turkey.” BBC news. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8685846.stm,
9 “Ecuador, Iran agree to build 3 hydroelectric centers.” China People’s Daily.2010 http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90777/90852/6913478.html
10 Arsenault, Chris “Venezuela's multi-polar disorder.” Al Jazeera 2010. http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2010/10/20101021235410120197.html
11 “Iran, Bolivia united against imperialism” Press TV 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/148405.html, “No uranium plan with Iran: Bolivia” Press TV 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/149155.html
12 "Iran , Venezuela vow to form anti-imperialism front."Press TV. 2009. http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=105376§ionid=351020101.
13 Farah 2008, 15
14 Iran Economic Indicators. European Union http://ec.europa.eu/trade/creating-opportunities/bilateral-relations/countries/iran/
15 Perez-Stable, Marifeli. "Brazil key to curbing Iran's influence" Miami Herald. Miami, 2010. http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/04/23/1593789/brazil-key-to-curbing-irans-influence.html
16 "Iran Triples Latin American Trade To US $2.9 Billion."
17 Maradiaga, Félix and Javier Melendez “Iranian-Nicaraguan Relations Under the Sandinista Government.” In In Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance", Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas.
18 Farah 2008, 14-15
19 “Iran to transfer technology to Venezuela.”PressTV.2010. http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/147379.html
20 Javad Heydarian, Richard ”Iran’s Adventures in Latin America.” Foreign Policy in Focus.2010.
http://www.fpif.org/articles/irans_adventures_in_latin_america.
21 “Iran loans 200 million euros to Bolivia.” PressTV. 2010. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/140857.html and Frasco, Robert and Ariel Farrar-Wellman, “Bolivia-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/bolivia-iran-foreign-relations
22 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Ecuador-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/ecuador-iran-foreign-relations
23 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Cuba-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/cuba-iran-foreign-relations
24 “Argentina-Iran Foreign Relations” and Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Chile-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Chile-iran-foreign-relations
25 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Brazil-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Brazil-iran-foreign-relations
26 Farrar-Wellman, Ariel “Mexico-Iran Foreign Relations.” Iran Tracker. http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/Mexico-iran-foreign-relations
27 Nasseri, Ladane "Iran Khodro to Make More Cars in Senegal, Venezuela" Bloomberg.2006. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-10-11/iran-khodro-to-make-more-cars-in-senegal-venezuela.html
28 Farah, Douglas. "Iran In The Western Hemisphere." Testimony Before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittees on the Western Hemisphere The Middle East Terrorism, Nonproliferation and Trade. October 2009. http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/111/fara102709.pdf
29 "MP says Iran should not invest in Latin America." Aftab-e Yazd. 2009. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "Iranian MP defends president's policies in Latin America." Press TV 2009. Retrieved from LexisNexis.
30 Richard, Ivan. "Presidential advisor says Brazil ‘not defending’ Iran" Agencia Brasil. Brasilia, 2010, Janiot, Patricia and Juan Munoz. “President-elect: Brazil will keep Iran ties, remain global player” CNN http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-04/world/brazil.rousseff.interview_1_president-luiz-inacio-lula-jose-serra-brazilian-women?_s=PM:WORLD and “Brazil president-elect speaks against Iran stoning.” Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/03/AR2010110305762.html
31 "Iranian official says Argentine remarks 'move to promote Zionist regime's aims'." Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran Network 1. Tehran, 1997, Alconada Mon, Hugo. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "The Shadow of Iran in Argentina Takes on a Suspicious Shape." in Iran in Latin America: Threat or "Axis of Annoyance, Cynthia Arnson, Haleh Esfandiari, and Adam Stubits, 51-64. Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center for International Scholars, 2008.
32 Farah 2008, 14-15
33 Ibid, 16
34 Ibid
35 O'Connor, Anne-Marie, and Mary Beth Sheridan. "Iran's Invisible Nicaragua Embassy; Feared Stronghold Never Materialized" Washington Post 2009. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/12/AR2009071202337.html
36 "Iran Latin America confab sees expansion of commercial ties." Vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran Network 1. 2008. Retrieved from LexisNexis, "Iran , Latin America construct new world system” PressTV 2008, http://edition.presstv.ir/detail/68734.html "Venezuela ' s Chavez attends unveiling of Simon Bolivar statue in Tehran." Iranian News Agency (IRNA), 2004. Retrieved from LexisNexis.
37 For example, see Iran and Latin America: Ayatollahs in the Backyard. The Economist.2009. http://www.economist.com/node/14969124?story_id=14969124
38 Gertz, Bill. "Iran boosts Qods shock troops in Venezuela ; Pentagon predicts U . S . clash with Islamist paramilitary.” Washington Times. 2010. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/apr/21/iran-boosts-qods-shock-troops-in-venezuela/
39 Farah 2008, 17
40 Ibid
41 Melman, Yossi. "Argentina: Iran behind bombs at Israeli embassy, Jewish center" Haaretz, 2007. http://www.haaretz.com/news/argentina-iran-behind-bombs-at-israeli-embassy-jewish-center-1.235493
42 Hennigan, Tom. "US fears over Iranian presence in Latin America." Irish Times, 2010. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2010/0424/1224269035362.html
43 For more in depth examination of the general implications of the development of an “Axis of Oil” see: Leverett, Flynt. The New Axis of Oil. New America Foundation, 2006. http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2006/the_new_axis_of_oil and Stelzer, Irwin M. "The Axis of Oil." Weekly Standard, 2005. www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/.../200alybw.asp
44 For example, see Walser, Ray. “What to Do about Hugo Chavez: Venezuela's Challenge to Security in the Americas.” Heritage Foundation, 2009. http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2009/02/what-to-do-about-hugo-chaacutevez-venezuelas-challenge-to-security-in-the-americas
45 Karmon 2009, 14
46 Farah 2009
47 Walser 2009
48 Farah 2008, 15
49 Abn, Tamara Pearson. "North American Imperialism and the Extreme Right are Behind Coup in Honduras: Chavez." Venezuelaanalysis.com, 2010. http://venezuelaanalysis.com/news/4555.
50 Leverett 2005
Wednesday, December 01, 2010
HIV/AIDS in Indigenous Communities: Indo-America’s Forgotten Victims
1- Special Theme: the Millennium Development Goals and indigenous peoples: redefining the Goals, Information Received from the United Nations system, E/C.19/2006/6/Add.10, 2006. New York: United Nations Economic and Social Council, 21 March 2006. Pgs. 1-19. Retrieved from http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2006/unaidsindigenousissuespaper_en.pdf on November 5, 2010.
2- Reynolds, Louisa. HIV/AIDS could spread among indigenous communities. Latinamerica Press/ Noticias Aliadas. 7/30/2009. Retrieved from http://www.lapress.org/articles.asp?art=5915 on November 8, 2010.
3- García, Judith. Análisis de Situación de ITS, VIH, y SIDA, Guatemala, agosto 2007. Boletín Epidemiológico Nacional, No. 23. Pgs. 52-26. Retrieved from http://epidemiologia.mspas.gob.gt/ on October 28th, 2010. Translated by author.
4- Zavaleta, Carol, Connie Fernández, Kelika Konda, Yadira Valderrama, Sten H. Vermund, and Eduardo Gotuzzo. High Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis in a Remote Native Community of the Peruvian Amazon. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 76(4), 2007, pgs. 703-705. Retrieved from http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/full/76/4/703 on November 5, 2010.
5- United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). HIV and AIDS in the Americas. Final Report, 2008.
6- Hernández-Rosete, Daniel, Maya García Olivia, Bernal Enrique, Castañeda Xóchitl, Lemp George. Migración y ruralización del SIDA: relatos de vulnerabilidad en comunidades indígenas de México. Rev. Saúde Pública, Vol. 42, Number 1, February 2008 Pgs. 131-138. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-89102008000100017&lng=en on December 1, 2010. Translated by author.
7- Subways, Suzy. Land and Freedom: Indigenous Communities in Oaxaca, Mexico Fight HIV and Repression. Community HIV/AIDS Mobilization Project. Retrieved from http://www.champnetwork.org/solidarity_project/2008/12/en/land-and-freedom-indigenous-communities-oaxaca-mexico-fight-hiv-and-re on November 12, 2010.
8- Carías, Nusly. Sida se mueve como fantasma entre indígenas. Elheraldo.hn. August 4, 2008. Retrieved from http://www.elheraldo.hn/layout/set/print/content/view/print/2457 on November 10, 2010. Translated by author.
9- Sierra, M. C. Paredes, R. Pinel, J. Fernandez, S. Mendoza, B. Branson. Seroepidemiologic study of syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV in the Farifuna population of El Triunfo de la Crz, Bajamar, Sambo Creek and Corozal. Report from the Honduras Ministry of Health, Subsecretary for Populations at Risk. The Department of Control and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, AIDS and Tuberculosis. Honduras Ministry of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 1999.
10- Paz-Bailey, Gabriela, Sonia Morales-Miranda, Jerry Jacobsen, Sundeep Gupta, Keith Sabin, Suyapa Mendoza, Mayte Paredes, Berta Alvarez, and Edgar Monterroso. High Rates of STD and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Garifunas in Honduras. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Vol. 51, May 2009. Pgs. S26-S34. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2009/05011/High_Rates_of_STD_and_Sexual_Risk_Behaviors_Among.5.aspx on November 10, 2010.
11- Sabin, Miriam, George Luber, Keith Sabin, Mayte Paredes, Edgar Monterroso. Rapid Ethnographic Assessment of HIV/AIDS among Garífuna Communities in Honduras: Informing HIV Surveillance among Garífuna Women. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. Vol. 17, Issue 3 & 4. June 2008. Pgs. 237-257. Retrieved from http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/section?content=a903745512&fulltext=713240928 on November 10, 2010.
12- Abya-Yala Kuyarinakui. Promoción de la salud sexual y prevención del VIH-sida y de las ITS en los pueblos indígenas de las Américas. Primer Taller de Intercambio de Experiencias y Formulación de Estrategias a Futuro en Salud Reproductiva y Educación Sexual. Ecuador, June 2003. P: 15. Retrieved from http://www.paho.org/Spanish/AD/FCH/AI/SSIA06.pdf on November 12, 2010. Translated by author.
13- Price, Richard. Maroons in Suriname and Guyane: how many and where. New West Indian Guide/ Nieuwe West-Indiche Gids. 76, no: 1/2. Leiden 2002, P: 84. Retrieved from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/index.php/nwig/article/viewFile/3463/4224 on November 12, 2010.
14- Panama HIV Country Profile. World Health Organization. December 2005. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/HIVCP_PAN.pdf on November 12, 2010.
15- Cambell, Zenaida M. and Miguel Brugiatti. Informe nacional sobre los progresos realizados en la aplicación del UNGASS--Panamá Enero 2006 -- Diciembre 2007. Ministerio de Salud / Programa Nacional de VIH y SIDA and ONUSIDA. P: 5. Translated by author.
16- Survival International. HIV reaches Yanomami in Amazon. 27 January 2010. Retrieved from http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/5480 on November 12, 2010.
17- McKenna, Neil. A disaster waiting to happen. WorldAIDS. Vol: 27. May 1993. P: 5-6. Note: This article has become very difficult to find, but COHA/the author has a copy available free of charge.
2- Reynolds, Louisa. HIV/AIDS could spread among indigenous communities. Latinamerica Press/ Noticias Aliadas. 7/30/2009. Retrieved from http://www.lapress.org/articles.asp?art=5915 on November 8, 2010.
3- García, Judith. Análisis de Situación de ITS, VIH, y SIDA, Guatemala, agosto 2007. Boletín Epidemiológico Nacional, No. 23. Pgs. 52-26. Retrieved from http://epidemiologia.mspas.gob.gt/ on October 28th, 2010. Translated by author.
4- Zavaleta, Carol, Connie Fernández, Kelika Konda, Yadira Valderrama, Sten H. Vermund, and Eduardo Gotuzzo. High Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis in a Remote Native Community of the Peruvian Amazon. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 76(4), 2007, pgs. 703-705. Retrieved from http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/full/76/4/703 on November 5, 2010.
5- United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). HIV and AIDS in the Americas. Final Report, 2008.
6- Hernández-Rosete, Daniel, Maya García Olivia, Bernal Enrique, Castañeda Xóchitl, Lemp George. Migración y ruralización del SIDA: relatos de vulnerabilidad en comunidades indígenas de México. Rev. Saúde Pública, Vol. 42, Number 1, February 2008 Pgs. 131-138. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-89102008000100017&lng=en on December 1, 2010. Translated by author.
7- Subways, Suzy. Land and Freedom: Indigenous Communities in Oaxaca, Mexico Fight HIV and Repression. Community HIV/AIDS Mobilization Project. Retrieved from http://www.champnetwork.org/solidarity_project/2008/12/en/land-and-freedom-indigenous-communities-oaxaca-mexico-fight-hiv-and-re on November 12, 2010.
8- Carías, Nusly. Sida se mueve como fantasma entre indígenas. Elheraldo.hn. August 4, 2008. Retrieved from http://www.elheraldo.hn/layout/set/print/content/view/print/2457 on November 10, 2010. Translated by author.
9- Sierra, M. C. Paredes, R. Pinel, J. Fernandez, S. Mendoza, B. Branson. Seroepidemiologic study of syphilis, hepatitis B and HIV in the Farifuna population of El Triunfo de la Crz, Bajamar, Sambo Creek and Corozal. Report from the Honduras Ministry of Health, Subsecretary for Populations at Risk. The Department of Control and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, AIDS and Tuberculosis. Honduras Ministry of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 1999.
10- Paz-Bailey, Gabriela, Sonia Morales-Miranda, Jerry Jacobsen, Sundeep Gupta, Keith Sabin, Suyapa Mendoza, Mayte Paredes, Berta Alvarez, and Edgar Monterroso. High Rates of STD and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Garifunas in Honduras. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. Vol. 51, May 2009. Pgs. S26-S34. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2009/05011/High_Rates_of_STD_and_Sexual_Risk_Behaviors_Among.5.aspx on November 10, 2010.
11- Sabin, Miriam, George Luber, Keith Sabin, Mayte Paredes, Edgar Monterroso. Rapid Ethnographic Assessment of HIV/AIDS among Garífuna Communities in Honduras: Informing HIV Surveillance among Garífuna Women. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment. Vol. 17, Issue 3 & 4. June 2008. Pgs. 237-257. Retrieved from http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/section?content=a903745512&fulltext=713240928 on November 10, 2010.
12- Abya-Yala Kuyarinakui. Promoción de la salud sexual y prevención del VIH-sida y de las ITS en los pueblos indígenas de las Américas. Primer Taller de Intercambio de Experiencias y Formulación de Estrategias a Futuro en Salud Reproductiva y Educación Sexual. Ecuador, June 2003. P: 15. Retrieved from http://www.paho.org/Spanish/AD/FCH/AI/SSIA06.pdf on November 12, 2010. Translated by author.
13- Price, Richard. Maroons in Suriname and Guyane: how many and where. New West Indian Guide/ Nieuwe West-Indiche Gids. 76, no: 1/2. Leiden 2002, P: 84. Retrieved from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/index.php/nwig/article/viewFile/3463/4224 on November 12, 2010.
14- Panama HIV Country Profile. World Health Organization. December 2005. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/hiv/HIVCP_PAN.pdf on November 12, 2010.
15- Cambell, Zenaida M. and Miguel Brugiatti. Informe nacional sobre los progresos realizados en la aplicación del UNGASS--Panamá Enero 2006 -- Diciembre 2007. Ministerio de Salud / Programa Nacional de VIH y SIDA and ONUSIDA. P: 5. Translated by author.
16- Survival International. HIV reaches Yanomami in Amazon. 27 January 2010. Retrieved from http://www.survivalinternational.org/news/5480 on November 12, 2010.
17- McKenna, Neil. A disaster waiting to happen. WorldAIDS. Vol: 27. May 1993. P: 5-6. Note: This article has become very difficult to find, but COHA/the author has a copy available free of charge.
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
Nikolas Kozloff: Wikileaks and Latin America: Same Old Imperious U.S. Diplomats
1 http://cablegate.wikileaks.org/cable/2005/05/05BRASILIA1207.html
2 http://www.nikolaskozloff.com/blog.htm?post=711517
3 http://www.nikolaskozloff.com/blog.htm?post=673532
4 http://cablegate.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/12/09BUENOSAIRES1311.html
5 http://cablegate.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/12/09STATE132349.html
2 http://www.nikolaskozloff.com/blog.htm?post=711517
3 http://www.nikolaskozloff.com/blog.htm?post=673532
4 http://cablegate.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/12/09BUENOSAIRES1311.html
5 http://cablegate.wikileaks.org/cable/2009/12/09STATE132349.html
Wednesday, November 24, 2010
More Grim Days Ahead for Haiti
1 Tomlinson, Alan. “Haiti election halted after poll massacre: Ousted dictator’s Tontons Macoute murder voters” The Times November 30, 1987 http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/archive/tol_archive/article6987683.ece
2 Carter, Jimmy. “Haiti’s Election Needs Help” The Carter Center October 1, 1990 http://www.cartercenter.org/news/documents/doc1379.html
3 GlobalSecurity.org. “Post-Duvalier Transition 1986-1990” http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/haiti/politics-post-duvalier.htm
4 Council of Freely-Elected Heads of Government and National Democratic Institute for International Affairs “The 1990 General Elections in Haiti” http://www.cartercenter.org/documents/electionreports/democracy/FinalReportHaiti1990.pdf
5 Political Database of the Americas “Haiti: 1990 Presidential Election Results” http://pdba.georgetown.edu/elecdata/haiti/90pres.html
6 United Nations Mission in Haiti. “Background: Summary” http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/unmihbackgr1.html
7 United Nations Mission in Haiti. “End of mission summary” September 1996 http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/unmih_b.htm
8 "Chomsky on Haiti: Aid Should Go to Haitian Popular Organizations, Not to Contractors or NGOs” Counterpunch March 9, 2010http://chomsky.info/interviews/20100309.htm
9 Pastor, Robert A. “Report on the Elections in Haiti, June 25, 1995” The Carter Center http://www.cartercenter.org/documents/1248.pdf
10 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Sénat: Elections Held in 1995” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_95.htm
11 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Sénat: Elections Held in 1997” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_97.htm
12 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Chambre des Députés: Elections Held in 2000” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2137_00.htm
13 Klein, Naomi. “My date with Aristide” NOW Vol. 24 No. 47. July 21-28, 2005 http://www.webcitation.org/5gm7u61Xq
14 CNN World News. “Aristide says U.S. deposed him in 'coup d'etat'” March 1, 2004 http://articles.cnn.com/2004-03-01/world/aristide.claim_1_haitian-rebels-haitian-president-haiti-james-foley?_s=PM:WORLD
15 “Republic of Haiti Interim Cooperation Framework 2004-2006 Summary Report” July 2004 http://haiticci.undg.org/uploads/ReportVersion8%20Eng%20FINAL%20Low%20Res.pdf
16 BBC News. “Haiti priest barred from election” September 14, 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4245146.stm
17 Dupuy, Alex. “Haiti Election 2006: A Pyrrhic Victory for René Préval?”
Latin American Perspectives Vol. 33, No. 3 (May, 2006), pp. 132-14
18 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti Sénat: Elections Held in 2006” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_06.htm
19 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti Sénat: Last Elections” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2138_E.htm
20 HaitiAction.net. “AP misrepresents reality of Lavalas exclusion in Haiti elections” November 29, 2009 http://www.haitiaction.net/News/HNW/11_29_9/11_29_9.html
21 Charles, Jacqueline. “Haitian President René Préval asks to remain in office” The Miami Herald May 5, 2010
http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/05/05/1615553/haitian-president-rene-preval.html
22 Speri, Alice. “Wyclef Jean appealing Haiti election ruling, says 'trickery' used” Christian Science Monitor August 24, 2010 http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/0824/Wyclef-Jean-appealing-Haiti-election-ruling-says-trickery-used
23 Edmonds, Kevin. “The Assault on Haitian Democracy” North American Congress on Latin America August 23, 2010 https://nacla.org/node/6700
24 "Extraordinary Meeting of the Group of Friends of Haiti” October 27, 2010
25 Ives, Kim. “Fanmi Lavalas Blasts "Mascarade Selections" and Occupation” HaitiAnalysis.com October 22, 2010 http://www.haitianalysis.com/2010/10/22/lavalas-family-blasts-mascarade-selections-and-occupation
26 Ives, Kim. “Musicians, Doctors, Activists, Technocrats and Politicians: 34 Candidates Bid for Haiti’s Presidency” Canada Haiti Action Network August 18, 2010 http://canadahaitiaction.ca/content/kim-ives-writes-haiti-election
27 Ibid
28 Charles, Jacqueline. “For now, Haiti's presidential candidates in quest for unity” The Miami Herald September 9, 2010 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/09/08/1815038_p2/for-now-haitis-presidential-candidates.html
29 Ibid
30 “Deuxieme Sondage Du Brides” Bureau de Recherche en Informatique et en Developpement Economique et Social October 24, 2010 http://media.miamiherald.com/smedia/2010/10/27/10/sondages_forum_24_Octobre.source.prod_affiliate.56.pdf
31 Padgett, Tim and Jessica Desvarieux. “The Woman Who Would Be Haiti’s Next President” Time November 15, 2010 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2031412,00.html
32 Charles, Jacqueline. “Mirlande Manigat, Jude Célestin lead in Haiti's presidential race, poll says” The Miami Herald October 27, 2010 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/10/27/1893682/mirlande-manigat-jude-celestin.html
33 Klarreich, Kathie. “Haiti’s Next Big Crisis: How to Hold Elections” Time March 18, 2010 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1973228,00.html
34 Delva, Joseph Guyler. “US lawmakers warn of flaws in Haiti vote process” Reuters October 8, 2010 http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N08243279.htm
35 Quinn, Andrew. “Clinton says elections key to Haiti stability” Reuters March 9, 2010 http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N09242953.htm
36 "Congresswoman Waters & Colleagues Urge Secretary Clinton to Support Fair, Free, Inclusive Haitian Elections” October 7, 2010 http://waters.house.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=211192
2 Carter, Jimmy. “Haiti’s Election Needs Help” The Carter Center October 1, 1990 http://www.cartercenter.org/news/documents/doc1379.html
3 GlobalSecurity.org. “Post-Duvalier Transition 1986-1990” http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/haiti/politics-post-duvalier.htm
4 Council of Freely-Elected Heads of Government and National Democratic Institute for International Affairs “The 1990 General Elections in Haiti” http://www.cartercenter.org/documents/electionreports/democracy/FinalReportHaiti1990.pdf
5 Political Database of the Americas “Haiti: 1990 Presidential Election Results” http://pdba.georgetown.edu/elecdata/haiti/90pres.html
6 United Nations Mission in Haiti. “Background: Summary” http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/unmihbackgr1.html
7 United Nations Mission in Haiti. “End of mission summary” September 1996 http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/unmih_b.htm
8 "Chomsky on Haiti: Aid Should Go to Haitian Popular Organizations, Not to Contractors or NGOs” Counterpunch March 9, 2010http://chomsky.info/interviews/20100309.htm
9 Pastor, Robert A. “Report on the Elections in Haiti, June 25, 1995” The Carter Center http://www.cartercenter.org/documents/1248.pdf
10 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Sénat: Elections Held in 1995” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_95.htm
11 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Sénat: Elections Held in 1997” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_97.htm
12 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti: Parliamentary Chamber: Chambre des Députés: Elections Held in 2000” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2137_00.htm
13 Klein, Naomi. “My date with Aristide” NOW Vol. 24 No. 47. July 21-28, 2005 http://www.webcitation.org/5gm7u61Xq
14 CNN World News. “Aristide says U.S. deposed him in 'coup d'etat'” March 1, 2004 http://articles.cnn.com/2004-03-01/world/aristide.claim_1_haitian-rebels-haitian-president-haiti-james-foley?_s=PM:WORLD
15 “Republic of Haiti Interim Cooperation Framework 2004-2006 Summary Report” July 2004 http://haiticci.undg.org/uploads/ReportVersion8%20Eng%20FINAL%20Low%20Res.pdf
16 BBC News. “Haiti priest barred from election” September 14, 2005 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4245146.stm
17 Dupuy, Alex. “Haiti Election 2006: A Pyrrhic Victory for René Préval?”
Latin American Perspectives Vol. 33, No. 3 (May, 2006), pp. 132-14
18 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti Sénat: Elections Held in 2006” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2138_06.htm
19 Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Haiti Sénat: Last Elections” http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/2138_E.htm
20 HaitiAction.net. “AP misrepresents reality of Lavalas exclusion in Haiti elections” November 29, 2009 http://www.haitiaction.net/News/HNW/11_29_9/11_29_9.html
21 Charles, Jacqueline. “Haitian President René Préval asks to remain in office” The Miami Herald May 5, 2010
http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/05/05/1615553/haitian-president-rene-preval.html
22 Speri, Alice. “Wyclef Jean appealing Haiti election ruling, says 'trickery' used” Christian Science Monitor August 24, 2010 http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/0824/Wyclef-Jean-appealing-Haiti-election-ruling-says-trickery-used
23 Edmonds, Kevin. “The Assault on Haitian Democracy” North American Congress on Latin America August 23, 2010 https://nacla.org/node/6700
24 "Extraordinary Meeting of the Group of Friends of Haiti” October 27, 2010
25 Ives, Kim. “Fanmi Lavalas Blasts "Mascarade Selections" and Occupation” HaitiAnalysis.com October 22, 2010 http://www.haitianalysis.com/2010/10/22/lavalas-family-blasts-mascarade-selections-and-occupation
26 Ives, Kim. “Musicians, Doctors, Activists, Technocrats and Politicians: 34 Candidates Bid for Haiti’s Presidency” Canada Haiti Action Network August 18, 2010 http://canadahaitiaction.ca/content/kim-ives-writes-haiti-election
27 Ibid
28 Charles, Jacqueline. “For now, Haiti's presidential candidates in quest for unity” The Miami Herald September 9, 2010 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/09/08/1815038_p2/for-now-haitis-presidential-candidates.html
29 Ibid
30 “Deuxieme Sondage Du Brides” Bureau de Recherche en Informatique et en Developpement Economique et Social October 24, 2010 http://media.miamiherald.com/smedia/2010/10/27/10/sondages_forum_24_Octobre.source.prod_affiliate.56.pdf
31 Padgett, Tim and Jessica Desvarieux. “The Woman Who Would Be Haiti’s Next President” Time November 15, 2010 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2031412,00.html
32 Charles, Jacqueline. “Mirlande Manigat, Jude Célestin lead in Haiti's presidential race, poll says” The Miami Herald October 27, 2010 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/10/27/1893682/mirlande-manigat-jude-celestin.html
33 Klarreich, Kathie. “Haiti’s Next Big Crisis: How to Hold Elections” Time March 18, 2010 http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1973228,00.html
34 Delva, Joseph Guyler. “US lawmakers warn of flaws in Haiti vote process” Reuters October 8, 2010 http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N08243279.htm
35 Quinn, Andrew. “Clinton says elections key to Haiti stability” Reuters March 9, 2010 http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N09242953.htm
36 "Congresswoman Waters & Colleagues Urge Secretary Clinton to Support Fair, Free, Inclusive Haitian Elections” October 7, 2010 http://waters.house.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=211192
Friday, November 19, 2010
Bethan Rafferty/Problems with Taxation in Latin America
1 http://www.oecd.org/document/23/0,3343,en_2649_33745_30575447_1_1_1_1,00.html
2 http://hsgac.senate.gov/public/_files/ACF5F8.pdf
3 http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/money-laundering/introduction.html?ref=menuside
4 http://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/pressrelease/2009-09-24/100-people-every-minute-pushed-poverty-economic-crisis
5 http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2009/feb/13/tax-gap-cayman-islands
2 http://hsgac.senate.gov/public/_files/ACF5F8.pdf
3 http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/money-laundering/introduction.html?ref=menuside
4 http://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/pressrelease/2009-09-24/100-people-every-minute-pushed-poverty-economic-crisis
5 http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2009/feb/13/tax-gap-cayman-islands
Thursday, November 18, 2010
Kelsey Strain/Director Birns: The Mid-Term Elections: An Easy Prediction for the Future of U.S.-Cuba Relations
1 http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/11/05/ileana_ros_lehtinen_once_called_for_the_assassination_of_fidel_castro
2 http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=36875
3 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/us/politics/04rubio.html?pagewanted=all
4 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/us/politics/04rubio.html?_r=1&pagewanted=2&partner=rss&emc=rss
5 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11713417
6 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6A813G20101109?pageNumber=1
7 http://www.bendixenandassociates.com/Cuba_Flash_Poll_Executive_Summary.html
2 http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=36875
3 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/us/politics/04rubio.html?pagewanted=all
4 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/04/us/politics/04rubio.html?_r=1&pagewanted=2&partner=rss&emc=rss
5 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11713417
6 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6A813G20101109?pageNumber=1
7 http://www.bendixenandassociates.com/Cuba_Flash_Poll_Executive_Summary.html
Wednesday, November 17, 2010
Robert Valencia: Reconciling the Views of Business and Labor
1 http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/rough/2009/07/guatemala_a_tal.html
2 http://www.radioiowa.com/2010/04/14/postville-mayor-says-community-still-recovering-from-immigration-raid/
3 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/06/24/rupert-murdoch-mayor-bloo_n_623805.html
4 http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/12/high_skilled_immigrants.html
2 http://www.radioiowa.com/2010/04/14/postville-mayor-says-community-still-recovering-from-immigration-raid/
3 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/06/24/rupert-murdoch-mayor-bloo_n_623805.html
4 http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/12/high_skilled_immigrants.html
Tuesday, November 16, 2010
Sonja Salzburger: Made in Brazil: Confronting Child Labor
1 Lynn, Jonathan: Brazil’s Lula calls for new world economic order. June 15, 2009.
http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE55E3C420090615?pageNumber=1
2 Unicef: Brazil owes its children a huge debt , President tells child-friendly reporters. 22 July 2004. http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/brazil_22497.html
3 Bild News Ticker: Kinderarbeit in Brasilien rückläufig. September 8, 2010.
http://www.bild.de/BILD/news/telegramm/news-ticker,rendertext=13902208.html
4 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009.
5 Brasilianische Botschaft: Schutz von Kindern und Jugendlichen. April 22, 2008. http://brasilianische-botschaft.de/politik/schutz-von-kindern-und-jugendlichen/
6 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009. http://pressetext.de/news/090612010/brasilien-kinderarbeit-weit-verbreitet/
7 Salmon, Claire: Child Labor in Bangladesh: Are Children the Last Economic Resource of the Household? In: Journal of Developing Societies. June 2005, vol. 21, no 1-2, p: 33-54
8 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009. http://pressetext.de/news/090612010/brasilien-kinderarbeit-weit-verbreitet/
9 Levison/Degraff/Robinson International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy Vol: 29 Issue: 3-4, 2009, p: 152 – 163
10 Buckley, Stephen: The little laborers. Why does child labor continue to thrive in the developing world? In. Washington Post, March 2006 http://www.commondreams.org/views/031600-102.htm
11 Brazil-Education: Principles, Aims and Objectives. http://www.un.int/brazil/brasil/brazil-education.htm htm
12 Brasil Gate: Die Situation der Schulen. 2007. http://www.brasilgate.com/main/bildungkultur.php
13 Emerson, Patrick/ Portela Souza, André: Child Labor, School Attendance and Intrahousehold Gender Bias in Brazil. 2007.
http://people.oregonstate.edu/~emersonp/childlabor/gender.pdf
14 French, Lawrence: Children’s Labor Market Involvement, Household Work, and Welfare: A Brazilian Case Study. In: Journal of Business Ethics. 3/2010.
15 Amin, Shahina/Quayes, Shakil/ Rives, Janet M.: World Development, Volume 34, Issue 7, July 2006, p: 1271-1286
16 Basu, Kaushik: International Labor Standards and Child Labor. 1999. Challenge, vol. no. 5, September/October 1999: pp. 80-93
17 French, Lawrence: Children’s Labor Market Involvement, Household Work, and Welfare: A Brazilian Case Study. In: Journal of Business Ethics. 3/2010.
18 BBC News: Brazil: Key facts and figures. May 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8702891.stm
19 The World Bank: Bolsa Familia. Changing the Lives of Millions in Brazil. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/LACEXT/BRAZILEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21447054~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:322341,00.html
20 The Economist: Brazil: Happy families . An anti poverty scheme invented in Latin America is winning converts worldwide. February 7, 2008. http://www.economist.com/node/10650663?story_id=10650663
21 The World Bank: Bolsa Familia. Changing the Lives of Millions in Brazil. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/LACEXT/BRAZILEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21447054~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:322341,00.html
22 Hall, Anthony: From Fome Zero to Bolsa Familia. Social Policies and Poverty Allevation under Lula. October 2004. http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/members/congress-papers/lasa2004/files/HallAnthony_xCD.pdf
23 E-Mail Interview Raymundo Rabelo de Mesquita (October 15, 2010)
24 Caploe, David: Brazil: Poor Education System Major Economic Problem. September 27, 2010. http://www.economywatch.com/economy-business-and-finance-news/brazil-poor-education-system-major-economic-problem-27-09.html
25 International Labor Organization: Child Labor. 2010. http://www.ilo.org/global/Themes/Child_Labour/lang--en/index.htm
26 Liebel, Manfred: Kindheit und Arbeit. 2001, p. 211 f.
27 Pütter, Benjamin: Kinder- und Sklavenarbeit in indischen Steinbrüchen. Juli 2009. http://www.xertifix.de/kinderarbeit/kinderarbeit-in-steinbruechen.shtml
28 Basu, Kaushik: Child Labor: Cause, Consequence and Cure, with Remarks on International Labor Standards. Journal of Economic Literature. Vol. XXXVII (September 1999) pp. 1083–1119
29 Liebel, Manfred: Do children have a right to work? Working children’s movement in the struggle for social justice. 2010. (not published yet)
30 Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook. South America: Brazil. October 27, 2010. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
31 E-Mail Interview Manfred Liebel October 24, 2010
32 Weisbrot, Mark: Who will allow Brazil to reach its economic potential? September 19, 2010. http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/content/view/42877/
33 ibid.
34 Department of Commerce: U.S.-Brazil Commercial Dialogue deepens trade relations. May 2010. http://trade.gov/press/press-releases/2010/us-brazil-commercial-dialogue-deepens-trade-relations-050410.asp
35 Weisbrot, Mark. September 19, 2010.
http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE55E3C420090615?pageNumber=1
2 Unicef: Brazil owes its children a huge debt , President tells child-friendly reporters. 22 July 2004. http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/brazil_22497.html
3 Bild News Ticker: Kinderarbeit in Brasilien rückläufig. September 8, 2010.
http://www.bild.de/BILD/news/telegramm/news-ticker,rendertext=13902208.html
4 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009.
5 Brasilianische Botschaft: Schutz von Kindern und Jugendlichen. April 22, 2008. http://brasilianische-botschaft.de/politik/schutz-von-kindern-und-jugendlichen/
6 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009. http://pressetext.de/news/090612010/brasilien-kinderarbeit-weit-verbreitet/
7 Salmon, Claire: Child Labor in Bangladesh: Are Children the Last Economic Resource of the Household? In: Journal of Developing Societies. June 2005, vol. 21, no 1-2, p: 33-54
8 Pernsteiner, Johannes: Brasilien: Kinderarbeit weit verbreitet. Fortschrittliche Verfassung ist keine Garantie für Schutz der Kinder. 12.06.2009. http://pressetext.de/news/090612010/brasilien-kinderarbeit-weit-verbreitet/
9 Levison/Degraff/Robinson International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy Vol: 29 Issue: 3-4, 2009, p: 152 – 163
10 Buckley, Stephen: The little laborers. Why does child labor continue to thrive in the developing world? In. Washington Post, March 2006 http://www.commondreams.org/views/031600-102.htm
11 Brazil-Education: Principles, Aims and Objectives. http://www.un.int/brazil/brasil/brazil-education.htm htm
12 Brasil Gate: Die Situation der Schulen. 2007. http://www.brasilgate.com/main/bildungkultur.php
13 Emerson, Patrick/ Portela Souza, André: Child Labor, School Attendance and Intrahousehold Gender Bias in Brazil. 2007.
http://people.oregonstate.edu/~emersonp/childlabor/gender.pdf
14 French, Lawrence: Children’s Labor Market Involvement, Household Work, and Welfare: A Brazilian Case Study. In: Journal of Business Ethics. 3/2010.
15 Amin, Shahina/Quayes, Shakil/ Rives, Janet M.: World Development, Volume 34, Issue 7, July 2006, p: 1271-1286
16 Basu, Kaushik: International Labor Standards and Child Labor. 1999. Challenge, vol. no. 5, September/October 1999: pp. 80-93
17 French, Lawrence: Children’s Labor Market Involvement, Household Work, and Welfare: A Brazilian Case Study. In: Journal of Business Ethics. 3/2010.
18 BBC News: Brazil: Key facts and figures. May 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8702891.stm
19 The World Bank: Bolsa Familia. Changing the Lives of Millions in Brazil. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/LACEXT/BRAZILEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21447054~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:322341,00.html
20 The Economist: Brazil: Happy families . An anti poverty scheme invented in Latin America is winning converts worldwide. February 7, 2008. http://www.economist.com/node/10650663?story_id=10650663
21 The World Bank: Bolsa Familia. Changing the Lives of Millions in Brazil. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/LACEXT/BRAZILEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21447054~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:322341,00.html
22 Hall, Anthony: From Fome Zero to Bolsa Familia. Social Policies and Poverty Allevation under Lula. October 2004. http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/members/congress-papers/lasa2004/files/HallAnthony_xCD.pdf
23 E-Mail Interview Raymundo Rabelo de Mesquita (October 15, 2010)
24 Caploe, David: Brazil: Poor Education System Major Economic Problem. September 27, 2010. http://www.economywatch.com/economy-business-and-finance-news/brazil-poor-education-system-major-economic-problem-27-09.html
25 International Labor Organization: Child Labor. 2010. http://www.ilo.org/global/Themes/Child_Labour/lang--en/index.htm
26 Liebel, Manfred: Kindheit und Arbeit. 2001, p. 211 f.
27 Pütter, Benjamin: Kinder- und Sklavenarbeit in indischen Steinbrüchen. Juli 2009. http://www.xertifix.de/kinderarbeit/kinderarbeit-in-steinbruechen.shtml
28 Basu, Kaushik: Child Labor: Cause, Consequence and Cure, with Remarks on International Labor Standards. Journal of Economic Literature. Vol. XXXVII (September 1999) pp. 1083–1119
29 Liebel, Manfred: Do children have a right to work? Working children’s movement in the struggle for social justice. 2010. (not published yet)
30 Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook. South America: Brazil. October 27, 2010. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
31 E-Mail Interview Manfred Liebel October 24, 2010
32 Weisbrot, Mark: Who will allow Brazil to reach its economic potential? September 19, 2010. http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/content/view/42877/
33 ibid.
34 Department of Commerce: U.S.-Brazil Commercial Dialogue deepens trade relations. May 2010. http://trade.gov/press/press-releases/2010/us-brazil-commercial-dialogue-deepens-trade-relations-050410.asp
35 Weisbrot, Mark. September 19, 2010.
Wednesday, November 10, 2010
Joseph Crupi: The Haitian Cholera Outbreak: A Preventable Tragedy?
1 http://www.cdc.gov/haiticholera/situation/
2 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/8084247/Haiti-cholera-outbreak-rural-area-of-Artibonite-takes-the-brunt.html
3 http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2010/11/2010118225019323724.html
4 http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/earthquakes/haiti/waterydiarrhea_pre-decision_brief.asp
5 http://www.nih.gov/news/radio/feb2010/20100204Haiti.htm
6 http://new.paho.org/disasters/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1104&Itemid=1
7 http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2010/10/the-haiti-cholera-outbreak-what-happens-next/65026/
8 ibid. Pan American Health Organization
9 http://www.who.int/hac/crises/hti/haiti_october2010.pdf
10 ibid. World Health Organization
11 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39407580/
12http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/10/18/jon_stewart_was_wrong_coburn_is_not_holding_up_the_haiti_relief_money
13 http://ijdh.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/IDP-Report-09.23.10-compressed.pdf
14 http://trueslant.com/josephtreaster/2010/01/29/a-drinking-water-crisis-in-haiti-long-before-earthquake-destruction/
15 ibid. Pan American Health Organization
16 http://blogs.redcross.org.uk/emergencies/2010/11/haiti-fighting-cholera-in-the-capital/
17 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11721995
18 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE69L21520101024?pageNumber=2
19 http://www.msf.org/msfinternational/invoke.cfm?objectid=E2A35BDB-15C5-F00A-259AB38F3A535A1D&component=toolkit.article&method=full_html
20 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/11/08/v-print/1916088/for-tomas-preval-picked-up-his.html
21 Extraordinary Meeting of the Group of Friends of Haiti, Organization of American States, October 27
22 ibid. Organization of American States
2 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/haiti/8084247/Haiti-cholera-outbreak-rural-area-of-Artibonite-takes-the-brunt.html
3 http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2010/11/2010118225019323724.html
4 http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/earthquakes/haiti/waterydiarrhea_pre-decision_brief.asp
5 http://www.nih.gov/news/radio/feb2010/20100204Haiti.htm
6 http://new.paho.org/disasters/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1104&Itemid=1
7 http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2010/10/the-haiti-cholera-outbreak-what-happens-next/65026/
8 ibid. Pan American Health Organization
9 http://www.who.int/hac/crises/hti/haiti_october2010.pdf
10 ibid. World Health Organization
11 http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39407580/
12http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/10/18/jon_stewart_was_wrong_coburn_is_not_holding_up_the_haiti_relief_money
13 http://ijdh.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/IDP-Report-09.23.10-compressed.pdf
14 http://trueslant.com/josephtreaster/2010/01/29/a-drinking-water-crisis-in-haiti-long-before-earthquake-destruction/
15 ibid. Pan American Health Organization
16 http://blogs.redcross.org.uk/emergencies/2010/11/haiti-fighting-cholera-in-the-capital/
17 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11721995
18 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE69L21520101024?pageNumber=2
19 http://www.msf.org/msfinternational/invoke.cfm?objectid=E2A35BDB-15C5-F00A-259AB38F3A535A1D&component=toolkit.article&method=full_html
20 http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/11/08/v-print/1916088/for-tomas-preval-picked-up-his.html
21 Extraordinary Meeting of the Group of Friends of Haiti, Organization of American States, October 27
22 ibid. Organization of American States
Monday, November 08, 2010
Melissa Graham: China Looks South: Problematic Investments in Latin America
1 http://technews.tmcnet.com/topics/associated-press/articles/106321-repsol-sells-stake-brazil-unit-71b.html
2 http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-1744.html
3 http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Sinopec+buys+Addax+for+7.2+billion+US+dollars-a01611909386
4 http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-08-16/china-gdp-surpasses-japan-capping-three-decade-rise.html
5 http://italy.usembassy.gov/pdf/other/RS22119.pdf
6 http://129.3.20.41/eps/dev/papers/0512/0512002.pdf
7 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704689804575536022547062314.html
8 http://www.investopedia.com/articles/07global_trade.asp
9 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/25/AR2010072502979_3.html?sid=ST2010092006580
10 ibid. Washington Post.
11 ibid. Washington Post.
12 http://carnegieendowment.org/files/latin_leap.pdf
13 ibid. Washington Post.
14 ibid. Washington Post.
15 ibid. Washington Post.
2 http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-1744.html
3 http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Sinopec+buys+Addax+for+7.2+billion+US+dollars-a01611909386
4 http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-08-16/china-gdp-surpasses-japan-capping-three-decade-rise.html
5 http://italy.usembassy.gov/pdf/other/RS22119.pdf
6 http://129.3.20.41/eps/dev/papers/0512/0512002.pdf
7 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704689804575536022547062314.html
8 http://www.investopedia.com/articles/07global_trade.asp
9 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/25/AR2010072502979_3.html?sid=ST2010092006580
10 ibid. Washington Post.
11 ibid. Washington Post.
12 http://carnegieendowment.org/files/latin_leap.pdf
13 ibid. Washington Post.
14 ibid. Washington Post.
15 ibid. Washington Post.
Friday, November 05, 2010
Nicky Pear: Landlocked Bolivia’s Symbolic Step Seaward
1 Bolivia Bella. ‘Landlocked Bolivia’s Day of the Sea’ available at: //www.boliviabella.com/day-of-the-sea.html
2 Bolivia Information Forum Bulletin no.13. July 2009. Available at: http://www.boliviainfoforum.org.uk/inside-page.asp?section=4&page=35
3 LA Times. ‘Landlocked Bolivia Gets Access to the Sea’ Available at http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/laplaza/2010/10/peru-bolivia-port-landlocked.html
4 Peruvian Times. ‘Chile submits final arguments over maritime border dispute with Peru’ Available at:
http://www.peruviantimes.com/chile-submits-final-arguments-over-maritime-border-dispute-with-peru/095253
5 La Prensa.. ‘Cancillería continúa diálogo sobre 13 puntos con Chile’ Available at: http://www.laprensa.com.bo/noticias/25-10-2010/noticias/25-10-2010_6144.php.
6 Merco Press. ‘Bolivian navy to have access to the Pacific for the first time in 130 years’ Available at:
http://en.mercopress.com/2010/10/23/bolivian-navy-to-have-access-to-the-pacific-for-the-first-time-in-130-years
7 The Guardian. ‘Peru Gives Landlocked Bolivia a Piece of the Pacific to Call its Own’ Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/20/peru-gives-bolivia-pacific-shore
2 Bolivia Information Forum Bulletin no.13. July 2009. Available at: http://www.boliviainfoforum.org.uk/inside-page.asp?section=4&page=35
3 LA Times. ‘Landlocked Bolivia Gets Access to the Sea’ Available at http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/laplaza/2010/10/peru-bolivia-port-landlocked.html
4 Peruvian Times. ‘Chile submits final arguments over maritime border dispute with Peru’ Available at:
http://www.peruviantimes.com/chile-submits-final-arguments-over-maritime-border-dispute-with-peru/095253
5 La Prensa.. ‘Cancillería continúa diálogo sobre 13 puntos con Chile’ Available at: http://www.laprensa.com.bo/noticias/25-10-2010/noticias/25-10-2010_6144.php.
6 Merco Press. ‘Bolivian navy to have access to the Pacific for the first time in 130 years’ Available at:
http://en.mercopress.com/2010/10/23/bolivian-navy-to-have-access-to-the-pacific-for-the-first-time-in-130-years
7 The Guardian. ‘Peru Gives Landlocked Bolivia a Piece of the Pacific to Call its Own’ Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/20/peru-gives-bolivia-pacific-shore
Thursday, November 04, 2010
Robin Burnette: President Chinchilla: The “Puppet” Sets Her Own Agenda
1 YouTube ‘Marionetas 1: La Conferencia de Laura Chinchilla’ December 31st 2009. Available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7l8x2f-T9oQ [Accessed October 20th]
2 British Broadcasting Company ‘Laura Chinchilla to be Costa Rica's first female leader’ February 8th 2010. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8503425.stm [Accessed October 10th 2010]
3 Laura-Chinchilla.com ‘Laura Chinchilla’s Vision as Costa Rica President’ 2010. Available at http://laura-chinchilla.com/laura-chinchillas-vision-as-costa-rica-president/’ [Accessed October 9th 2010]
4 Tico Times. ‘Central America and Europe sign trade agreement’ May 19th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_05/0519101.cfm [Accessed October 14th]
5 Laura-Chinchilla.com, 2010
6 Reuters ‘Some Central American countries put breaks on mining’ June 2nd 2010. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0213554520100602 [Accessed October 12th]
7 Tico Times ‘Chinchilla signs waste management law’ July 16th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_07/0716103.cfm [Accessed October 8th]
8 La Nacion ‘‘País cierra el año con llegada de 1,9 millones de turistas’ December 19th 2007. Available at http://wvw.nacion.com/ln_ee/2007/diciembre/19/economia1358245.html [Accessed October 12th 2010]
9 Tico Times ‘Costa Rica on top 20 list of drug-transit and producing nations’ September 17th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_09/0917102.cfm [Accessed October 11th 2010]
10 Global Post ‘7,000 U.S. Marines landing on the beaches of Costa Rica’ July 12th, 2010. Available at http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/costa-rica/7000-us-marines-landing-the-beaches-costa-rica [Accessed October 17th 2010]
11 Prensa Latina ‘Ampliara Costa Rica capacidad de sus carceles’ September 30th, 2010. Available at http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=224803&Itemid=1 [Accessed October 8th 2010]
12 U.S. Department of State August 11th 2010. Available at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2019.htm [Accessed October 8th 2010]
13 UN News Centre ‘Central America under threat from tentacles of drug trade, UN debate hears’ September 23rd 2010.
Available at http://unclef.com/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=36105&Cr=drug&Cr1= [Accessed on October 12th 2010]
14 Forum Libertas ‘Oscar Arias, Presidente de Costa Rica, dice que la homosexualidad la manda Dios’ July 4th, 2010. Available at http://www.forumlibertas.com/frontend/forumlibertas/noticia.php?id_noticia=16686 [Accessed October 12th 2010]
15 Catholic News Agency ‘Costa Rican presidential candidate reveals opposition to abortion and same-sex 'marriage'’ February 2nd 2010. Available at http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/costa_rican_presidential_candidate_reveals_opposition_to_abortion_and_same-sex_marriage/ [Accessed on October 24th 2010]
16 New Jersey Newsroom ‘Costa Rica’s Laura Chinchilla to lead a nation as latest female president’ February 9th 2010. Available at http://www.newjerseynewsroom.com/international/costa-ricas-laura-chinchilla-to-lead-a-nation-as-latest-female-president [Accessed on October 24th 2010]
17 Tico Times ‘Chinchilla wins whopping 76 percent approval rating’ September 14th 2010. Available http://www.ticotimes.net/layout/set/print/News/Daily-News/Chinchilla-Wins-Whopping-76-Percent-Approval-Rating_Friday-September-24-2010 [Accessed October 12th 2010]
2 British Broadcasting Company ‘Laura Chinchilla to be Costa Rica's first female leader’ February 8th 2010. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8503425.stm [Accessed October 10th 2010]
3 Laura-Chinchilla.com ‘Laura Chinchilla’s Vision as Costa Rica President’ 2010. Available at http://laura-chinchilla.com/laura-chinchillas-vision-as-costa-rica-president/’ [Accessed October 9th 2010]
4 Tico Times. ‘Central America and Europe sign trade agreement’ May 19th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_05/0519101.cfm [Accessed October 14th]
5 Laura-Chinchilla.com, 2010
6 Reuters ‘Some Central American countries put breaks on mining’ June 2nd 2010. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0213554520100602 [Accessed October 12th]
7 Tico Times ‘Chinchilla signs waste management law’ July 16th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_07/0716103.cfm [Accessed October 8th]
8 La Nacion ‘‘País cierra el año con llegada de 1,9 millones de turistas’ December 19th 2007. Available at http://wvw.nacion.com/ln_ee/2007/diciembre/19/economia1358245.html [Accessed October 12th 2010]
9 Tico Times ‘Costa Rica on top 20 list of drug-transit and producing nations’ September 17th 2010. Available at http://www.ticotimes.net/dailyarchive/2010_09/0917102.cfm [Accessed October 11th 2010]
10 Global Post ‘7,000 U.S. Marines landing on the beaches of Costa Rica’ July 12th, 2010. Available at http://www.globalpost.com/webblog/costa-rica/7000-us-marines-landing-the-beaches-costa-rica [Accessed October 17th 2010]
11 Prensa Latina ‘Ampliara Costa Rica capacidad de sus carceles’ September 30th, 2010. Available at http://www.prensa-latina.cu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=224803&Itemid=1 [Accessed October 8th 2010]
12 U.S. Department of State August 11th 2010. Available at http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2019.htm [Accessed October 8th 2010]
13 UN News Centre ‘Central America under threat from tentacles of drug trade, UN debate hears’ September 23rd 2010.
Available at http://unclef.com/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=36105&Cr=drug&Cr1= [Accessed on October 12th 2010]
14 Forum Libertas ‘Oscar Arias, Presidente de Costa Rica, dice que la homosexualidad la manda Dios’ July 4th, 2010. Available at http://www.forumlibertas.com/frontend/forumlibertas/noticia.php?id_noticia=16686 [Accessed October 12th 2010]
15 Catholic News Agency ‘Costa Rican presidential candidate reveals opposition to abortion and same-sex 'marriage'’ February 2nd 2010. Available at http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/costa_rican_presidential_candidate_reveals_opposition_to_abortion_and_same-sex_marriage/ [Accessed on October 24th 2010]
16 New Jersey Newsroom ‘Costa Rica’s Laura Chinchilla to lead a nation as latest female president’ February 9th 2010. Available at http://www.newjerseynewsroom.com/international/costa-ricas-laura-chinchilla-to-lead-a-nation-as-latest-female-president [Accessed on October 24th 2010]
17 Tico Times ‘Chinchilla wins whopping 76 percent approval rating’ September 14th 2010. Available http://www.ticotimes.net/layout/set/print/News/Daily-News/Chinchilla-Wins-Whopping-76-Percent-Approval-Rating_Friday-September-24-2010 [Accessed October 12th 2010]
Wednesday, November 03, 2010
Challenges Ahead for Brazil’s First Female President
1 “Brazil Elects Dilma Rousseff as First Female President.” BBC. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11662623.
2 Andrew Downie. “New Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff Will Need Lula's Charisma.” TIME Magazine. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2028581,00.html.
3 Downie.
4 “Brazil President-elect Rousseff pledges gender equality.” BBC. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11666013.
5 Taylor Barnes. “Dilma Rousseff set to win Brazil election. Did she really need Lula to play the gender card?” The Christian Science Monitor. 31 Oct. 2010. http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/1031/Dilma-Rousseff-set-to-win-Brazil-election.-Did-she-really-need-Lula-to-play-the-gender-card.
6 Roy Greenslade. “Press Freedom Pledge by Brazil’s New President.” Greenslade Blog. The Guardian. 2 Nov. 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/greenslade/2010/nov/02/press-freedom-dilma-rousseff.
7 “Dilma Rouseff wins Brazil’s Presidential Elections” The Guardian. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/01/dilma-rousseff-wins-brazil-president.
2 Andrew Downie. “New Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff Will Need Lula's Charisma.” TIME Magazine. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2028581,00.html.
3 Downie.
4 “Brazil President-elect Rousseff pledges gender equality.” BBC. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11666013.
5 Taylor Barnes. “Dilma Rousseff set to win Brazil election. Did she really need Lula to play the gender card?” The Christian Science Monitor. 31 Oct. 2010. http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/2010/1031/Dilma-Rousseff-set-to-win-Brazil-election.-Did-she-really-need-Lula-to-play-the-gender-card.
6 Roy Greenslade. “Press Freedom Pledge by Brazil’s New President.” Greenslade Blog. The Guardian. 2 Nov. 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/greenslade/2010/nov/02/press-freedom-dilma-rousseff.
7 “Dilma Rouseff wins Brazil’s Presidential Elections” The Guardian. 1 Nov. 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/01/dilma-rousseff-wins-brazil-president.
Tuesday, November 02, 2010
McCall Breuer: Brazil and UNASUR: Regional Security, and the Nation’s World Sanding in the Era of Rousseff’s Rule
1 “Constitutuve Treaty of UNASUR/Tratado Constitutivo de la Unión de Naciones Suramericanas,” http://www.cdsunasur.org/images/stories/Creacion/Tratado_constitutivo_UNASUR.pdf. 20 Sept. 2010.
2 Birnbaum, Ben. “FARC rebels seek ‘political solution’ to Colombia conflict.”Washington Post 23 Aug. 2010. //www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/aug/23/farc-rebels-political-solution-colombia-conflict/. 13 Sept. 2010.
3 ”Global Governance, South-South Economic Relations, and Foreign Policy Strategies,” Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/brazil.IBSAemergingpowers.pdf. Oct. 4 2010.
4 ”IBSA and Brazil’s Regional Policy: Competing or Complimentary Foreign Policy Dimensions?” Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars. Oct. 4 2010.
5 George Gray Molina, Global Leaders Fellow at the University of Oxford, speaking at the Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Oct. 4 2010.
6 Ibid.
7 Pew Global Attitudes Project, http://pewglobal.org/2010/09/22/brazilians-upbeat-about-their-country-despite-its-problems/6/. 25 Sept. 2010.
2 Birnbaum, Ben. “FARC rebels seek ‘political solution’ to Colombia conflict.”Washington Post 23 Aug. 2010. //www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/aug/23/farc-rebels-political-solution-colombia-conflict/. 13 Sept. 2010.
3 ”Global Governance, South-South Economic Relations, and Foreign Policy Strategies,” Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/brazil.IBSAemergingpowers.pdf. Oct. 4 2010.
4 ”IBSA and Brazil’s Regional Policy: Competing or Complimentary Foreign Policy Dimensions?” Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars. Oct. 4 2010.
5 George Gray Molina, Global Leaders Fellow at the University of Oxford, speaking at the Brazil Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Oct. 4 2010.
6 Ibid.
7 Pew Global Attitudes Project, http://pewglobal.org/2010/09/22/brazilians-upbeat-about-their-country-despite-its-problems/6/. 25 Sept. 2010.
Monday, October 18, 2010
Seeds of Change in Little Havana: Fresh Perspectives Eventually Emerge in the Cuban Exile Community
1 Torres, Maria. 1999. In the Land of Mirrors - Cuban Exile Politics in the United States Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
2 Bishin, Benjamin et al. 2009. ‘Miami Dade’s Cuban-American Voters in the 2008 Election’ Cuban Affairs 4(1).
3 Pilley, Anna-Claire. 2000. The Elian Gonzalez Case and Cuban American Political Culture MA Dissertation. Institute for the Study of the Americas.
4 Perez Jr, Louis A. 1994. Essays on Cuban History: Historiography and Research Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
5 Torres, 1999.
6 Gomez, Andy and Eugenio M. Rothe. 2004. ‘Value Orientations and Opinions of Recently Arrived Cubans in Miami’ University of Miami. Available at www.miami.edu/iccas/publications.htm [Accessed July 28th, 2010].
7 The Florida Times-Union. ‘Many Younger Cuban-Americans Splitting with Parents on Politics’ October 31st, 2004. Available at http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/exile/younger-voters.htm [Accessed July 21st, 2010].
8 Bishin et al, 2009.
9 Gomez, Andy. 2010. ‘New Trends in the Cuban-American Community (Poll)’ Available at democracyinamericas.org/.../New_Trends_Cuban-American_Community.pdf [Accessed August 20th, 2010].
10 Bishin, Benjamin et al. 2008. ‘What to Expect from the Cuban-American Electorate’ Cuban Affairs 3(3).
11 Interview with senior fellow at the Centre for Cuban and Cuban American Studies, University of Miami. Held on 7th June.
12 Bendixen & Associates. 2009. National Poll on Cubans and Cuban-Americans on Changes to Cuba Policy Available at http://www.bendixenandassociates.com/Cuba_Flash_Poll_Executive_Summary.html [Accessed June 7th, 2010].
13 Interview with founding member of ‘Youth for a Free Cuba’ group at the University of Miami. Held on 14th June.
14 LatinoResearch. 2004. ‘Anti-Castro Political Ideology among Cuban-Americans in the Miami Area: Cohort and Generational Differences’ Available at latinostudies.nd.edu/pubs/pubs/Grenchun.pdf [Accessed August 10th, 2010].
15 Molyneux, Maxine. 1999. ‘The Politics of the Cuban Diaspora in the United States’ in Victor Bulmer Thomas and James Dunkerly ed. The US and Latin America: The New Agenda London: Institute for Latin American Studies.
16 Interview with senior fellow at the Centre for Cuban and Cuban American Studies, University of Miami. Held on 7th June.
17 Interview with former committee member of Free Cuba Foundation. Held on 3rd June.
18 Interview with former President of the Free Cuba Foundation at Florida International University. Held on 4th June.
19 Los Angeles Times. ‘A Last Gasp of the Émigré Old Guards’ April 2nd, 2000.
20 The Observer. ‘Elian Gonzales and the Cuban Crisis: Fallout from a Big Row over a Little Boy’ February 21st 2010.
21 Ibid, 2010.
22 Molyneux, 1999.
23 Entrepreneur. ‘Exile Groups Implosion Could Mean Loss of Influence in Washington’ August 21st, 2001. Available at http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/77575793.html [Accessed August 10th, 2010].
24 The Observer, 2010.
25 Cuban American National Foundation. 2009. ‘A New Course for Cuban Policy: Advancing People Driven Change’ Available at http://www.canf.org/issues/policy-positions/ [Accessed July 10th, 2010].
26 Florida International University. 2007. ‘Cuba Poll’ Available at http://www2.fiu.edu/~ipor/cuba8/pollresults.html [Accessed July 23rd, 2010].
2 Bishin, Benjamin et al. 2009. ‘Miami Dade’s Cuban-American Voters in the 2008 Election’ Cuban Affairs 4(1).
3 Pilley, Anna-Claire. 2000. The Elian Gonzalez Case and Cuban American Political Culture MA Dissertation. Institute for the Study of the Americas.
4 Perez Jr, Louis A. 1994. Essays on Cuban History: Historiography and Research Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
5 Torres, 1999.
6 Gomez, Andy and Eugenio M. Rothe. 2004. ‘Value Orientations and Opinions of Recently Arrived Cubans in Miami’ University of Miami. Available at www.miami.edu/iccas/publications.htm [Accessed July 28th, 2010].
7 The Florida Times-Union. ‘Many Younger Cuban-Americans Splitting with Parents on Politics’ October 31st, 2004. Available at http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/exile/younger-voters.htm [Accessed July 21st, 2010].
8 Bishin et al, 2009.
9 Gomez, Andy. 2010. ‘New Trends in the Cuban-American Community (Poll)’ Available at democracyinamericas.org/.../New_Trends_Cuban-American_Community.pdf [Accessed August 20th, 2010].
10 Bishin, Benjamin et al. 2008. ‘What to Expect from the Cuban-American Electorate’ Cuban Affairs 3(3).
11 Interview with senior fellow at the Centre for Cuban and Cuban American Studies, University of Miami. Held on 7th June.
12 Bendixen & Associates. 2009. National Poll on Cubans and Cuban-Americans on Changes to Cuba Policy Available at http://www.bendixenandassociates.com/Cuba_Flash_Poll_Executive_Summary.html [Accessed June 7th, 2010].
13 Interview with founding member of ‘Youth for a Free Cuba’ group at the University of Miami. Held on 14th June.
14 LatinoResearch. 2004. ‘Anti-Castro Political Ideology among Cuban-Americans in the Miami Area: Cohort and Generational Differences’ Available at latinostudies.nd.edu/pubs/pubs/Grenchun.pdf [Accessed August 10th, 2010].
15 Molyneux, Maxine. 1999. ‘The Politics of the Cuban Diaspora in the United States’ in Victor Bulmer Thomas and James Dunkerly ed. The US and Latin America: The New Agenda London: Institute for Latin American Studies.
16 Interview with senior fellow at the Centre for Cuban and Cuban American Studies, University of Miami. Held on 7th June.
17 Interview with former committee member of Free Cuba Foundation. Held on 3rd June.
18 Interview with former President of the Free Cuba Foundation at Florida International University. Held on 4th June.
19 Los Angeles Times. ‘A Last Gasp of the Émigré Old Guards’ April 2nd, 2000.
20 The Observer. ‘Elian Gonzales and the Cuban Crisis: Fallout from a Big Row over a Little Boy’ February 21st 2010.
21 Ibid, 2010.
22 Molyneux, 1999.
23 Entrepreneur. ‘Exile Groups Implosion Could Mean Loss of Influence in Washington’ August 21st, 2001. Available at http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/77575793.html [Accessed August 10th, 2010].
24 The Observer, 2010.
25 Cuban American National Foundation. 2009. ‘A New Course for Cuban Policy: Advancing People Driven Change’ Available at http://www.canf.org/issues/policy-positions/ [Accessed July 10th, 2010].
26 Florida International University. 2007. ‘Cuba Poll’ Available at http://www2.fiu.edu/~ipor/cuba8/pollresults.html [Accessed July 23rd, 2010].
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)