Spotlight on El Salvador: The Truth Commission and the Jesuit Massacre

[1] “Spain Indicts Salvadoran Soldiers for Jesuit Killings.” BBC. 31 May 2011. 11 July 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-13596997

[2] “Spanish Court Indicts 20 Salvadoran Military Officials.” CNN. 31 May 2011. 11 July 2011. http://articles.cnn.com/2011-05-30/world/spain.el.salvador.soldiers_1_central-american-university-jesuit-massacre-san-salvador?_s=PM:WORLD

[3] “Spain Indicts Salvadoran Soldiers for Jesuit Killings.”

[4] Ibid.

[5] “Enemies of War: El Salvador Civil War.” PBS.org. 12 July 2011. http://www.pbs.org/itvs/enemiesofwar/elsalvador2.html.

[6] “El Salvador: Impact of the 1992 Peace Accords.” Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada . 1 April 1994. 12 July 2011.  http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6a82f4.html.

[7] “Spain Indicts Salvadoran Soldiers for Jesuit Killings.”

[8] Ibid.

[9] “Spanish Court Indicts 20 Salvadoran Military Officials.”

[10] Ibid.

[11] Ibid.

[12] Ibid.

[13] Booth, William. “Leftist Declares Victory in El Salvador Election.” The Washington Post. 16 March 2009. 12 July 2011. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/16/AR2009031600038.html?hpid=topnews.

[14]Hernandez, Daniel. “Pressure Mounts on Mauricio Funes in El Salvador.” The Los Angeles Times: La Plaza. 29 June 2010. 12 July 2011.http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/laplaza/2010/06/funes-under-fire.html.

[15] Garret, Linda. “El Salvador Update: April 2011.” Center for Democracy in the Americas. 4 May 2011. 25 July 2011. http://www.democracyinamericas.org/around-the-region-blog/el-salvador-update-april-2011-2/

Obama's Drug Policy: Yet Another Broken Promise

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[i] Katharine Q. Seelye, “Barack Obama, asked about drug history, admits he inhaled - Americas - International Herald Tribune,” New York Times, October 24, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/24/world/americas/24iht-dems.3272493.html

[ii] “The ‘war on drugs’ is over,” L.A. Times, May 16, 2009, http://articles.latimes.com/2009/may/16/opinion/ed-drugs16

[iii] “State by State Laws,” National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML), http://norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=4516, accessed on July 28, 2011

[iv] John Hoeffel, “Federal government says marijuana has no accepted medical use,” L.A. Times, July 8, 2011, http://www.sacbee.com/2011/07/08/3757061/federal-government-says-marijuana.html

[v] Global Commission on Drug Policy, “Global Commission on Drug Policy Report,” page 14

[vi] “Controlled Substances Schedules,” Drug Enforcement Administration Office of Diversion Control, http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/schedules/index.html, Accessed on July 28, 2011

[vii] Ibid.

[viii] Chris Roberts, “Medical Marijuana: Justice Department Says It's Illegal And the Feds Will Arrest You“ San Francisco Weekly, July 1^st, 2011, http://blogs.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2011/07/justice_department_clarifies_s.php

[ix] “Police bust medical marijuana dispensaries in Kent,” My Northwest, July 6, 2011, http://mynorthwest.com/?nid=11&sid=510034

[x] José Meriño, “Nexos: Army’s Presence Equals More Homicides in Mexico (Revisited),” Insight Crime, June 5, 2011, http://insightcrime.org/insight-latest-news/item/1035-nexos-armys-presence-equals-more-homicides-in-mexico?-revisited

[xi] Global Commission on Drug Policy, “Context,” http://www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/

[xii] “U.S., Mexican governments reject report calling for drug legalization”, L.A. Times, June 3, 2011, http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/laplaza/2011/06/obama-calderon-drug-war-report-commission-reject.html

[xiii] http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/news/press11/060211.html

[xiv] Laura Carlsen, “Javier Sicilia: ‘The United States Imposed This War on Us, It Should Change the Strategy”, CIP Americas, June 7, 2011, http://www.cipamericas.org/archives/4759

[xv] Alto a las Armas, Alianza http://www.alianzacivica.org.mx/altoalasarmas/indexSp.php

[xvi] Katie Soltis, “Mexican Drug Violence Fueled by U.S. Guns,” Council on Hemispheric Affairs, June 27, 2011, http://www.coha.org/mexican-drug-violence-fueled-by-u-s-guns/

[xvii] Charlie Savage, “New Reporting Rules on Multiple Sales of Guns Near Border,” New York Times, July 11, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/12/us/politics/12guns.html?_r=1&ref=americas

[xviii] Ibid.

[xix] “Who We Are,” Law Enforcement Against Prohibition, http://www.leap.cc/about/who-we-are/

[xx] “Kerlikowske: Anti-pot laws are positive,” Seattle Pi, June 22, 2011, http://blog.seattlepi.com/seattlepolitics/2011/06/22/kerlikowske-anti-pot-laws-are-positive/

[xxi] “Race and Prison,” Drug War Facts, http://drugwarfacts.org/cms/?q=node/64, Accessed on July 28, 2011 and
Ariana Huffington, “AWOL in the real drug war,” L.A. Times, March 24, 2007, http://articles.latimes.com/2007/mar/24/opinion/oe-huffington24

[xxii] Obama on Twitter, http://obama.twitsprout.com/, accessed on July 6^th, 2011

[xxiii] Andrew Belonsky, “Obama Ignores Marijuana in Twitter Town Hall,” Death + Taxes Magazine, July 7, 2011, http://www.deathandtaxesmag.com/114462/obama-ignores-marijuana-at-twitter-town-hall/

[xxiv] “Report: Congress to Consider End of Marijuana Ban,” Consumer Affairs, June 23, 2011, http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2011/06/report-congress-to-consider-end-of-marijuana-ban.html

[xxv] “Marijuana Bill Officially Introduced to Congress by Ron Paul, Barney Frank,” June 23, 2011, http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2011/06/marijuana-bill-officially-introduced-to-congress-by-ron-paul-barney-frank.html

[xxvi] Sylvia Longmire, “Legalizing Marijuana Won’t Kill the Cartels,” New York Times, June 18, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/19/opinion/19longmire.html

[xxvii] “Ron Paul Bill Would End Federal War on Marijuana,” The Atlantic, June 23, 2011, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/06/ron-paul-bill-would-end-federal-war-on-marijuana/240899/

[xxviii] “Mitt Romney on Drugs,” On The Issues, July 20, 2007, http://www.ontheissues.org/2012/Mitt_Romney_Drugs.htm

WikiLeaks Cables Show Haiti as Pawn in U.S. Foreign Policy

[1] United Nations Development Program, “Fast Facts Haiti,” http://www.undp.org/cpr/whats_new/Regions/haiti.shtml.

[2] Dan Coughlin and Kim Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files,” The Nation, 1 June 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161056/wikileaks-haiti-Petrocaribe-files?page=0,0

[3] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[4] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[5] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[6] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[7] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[8] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[9] Adam Clark Estes, “America’s Awful Treatment of Haiti, According to WikiLeaks,” The Atlantic Wire, 7 June 2011, http://www.theatlanticwire.com/politics/2011/06/us-haiti-wikileaks-minimum-wage-Petrocaribe/38579/.

[10] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Petrocaribe Files.”

[11] Robert Johnson, “WIKILEAKS: U.S. Fought to Lower Minimum Wage in Haiti so Hanes and Levis Would Stay Cheap,” The Business Insider, 3 June 2011, http://www.businessinsider.com/wikileaks-haiti-minimum-wage-the-nation-2011-6.

[12] Dan Coughlin and Kim Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Let Them Live on $3 a Day,” 1 June 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161057/wikileaks-haiti-let-them-live-3day

[13] Dan Coughlin and Kim Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Let Them Live on $3 a Day,” 1 June 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161057/wikileaks-haiti-let-them-live-3day

[14] Estes, “America’s Awful Treatment of Haiti, According to WikiLeaks.”

[15] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Let Them Live on $3 a Day.”

[16] Robert Johnson, “WIKILEAKS: U.S. Fought to Lower Minimum Wage in Haiti so Hanes and Levis Would Stay Cheap,” The Business Insider, 3 June 2011, http://www.businessinsider.com/wikileaks-haiti-minimum-wage-the-nation-2011-6.

[17] Dan Coughlin and Kim Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Cable Depicts Fraudulent Haiti Election,” The Nation, 8 June 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161216/wikileaks-haiti-cable-depicts-fraudulent-haiti-election

[18] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Cable Depicts Fraudulent Haiti Election.”

[19] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Cable Depicts Fraudulent Haiti Election.”

[20] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Cable Depicts Fraudulent Haiti Election.”

[21] “CEP Bans Fanmi Lavalas from Upcoming Elections, International Community Gives Green Light,” Center for Economic and Policy Research, 30 July 2010,  http://www.cepr.net/index.php/blogs/relief-and-reconstruction-watch/cep-bans-fanmi-lavalas-from-upcoming-elections-international-community-gives-green-light

[22] Coughlin and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: Cable Depicts Fraudulent Haiti Election.”

Honduras is Open for Business

---

[1] Honduras, Ministry of Foreign Relations, Honduras Is Open for Business, by Honduran Government, accessed May 27, 2011, http://www.hondurasisopenforbusiness.com/en/index.php.

[2] Honduras, Ministry of Foreign Relations, Honduras Is Open for Business: Country Profile, by Government of Honduras, April 2011, accessed May 15, 2011, http://www.hondurasisopenforbusiness.com/files/Honduras_a_Country_Open_for_Investment.pdf.

[3] Ibid.

[4] Ibid.

[5] Bradford DeLong, "Between Meltdown and Moral Hazard: The International Monetary and Financial Policies of the Clinton Administration," proceedings of He Economic Policies of the Clinton Administration, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, May 2001, accessed May 20, 2011, http://www.j-bradford-delong.net/Econ_Articles/CIEP/CIEP_revision06102001.PDF.

[6] Paul Krugman, "CRISES" (lecture, Nobel Prize), accessed March 18, 2011, http://www.princeton.edu/~pkrugman/CRISES.pdf

[7] Ibid.

[8] Ibid, 28.

[9] The Economist. "Economics A-Z." The Economist. Accessed July 26, 2011. http://www.economist.com/research/Economics/alphabetic.cfm?letter=S.

[10] Ibid, 28.

[11] Honduras, Ministry of Foreign Relations, Honduras Is Open for Business: Country Profile, by Government of Honduras, April 2011, accessed May 15, 2011, http://www.hondurasisopenforbusiness.com/files/Honduras_a_Country_Open_for_Investment.pdf.

[12] Harvey S. Rosen, Public Finance in Canada (Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2008), 200.

[13] Harvey S. Rosen, Public Finance in Canada (Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2008), 245.

[14] United States, Congressional Research Service, Latin American Affairs,Federation of American Scientists, by Peter J. Meyer, February 1, 2010, Sanctions, accessed July 7, 2011, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41064.pdf.

[15] Ibid, 7.

[16] Thomas A. Pugel, International Economics, 14th ed. (Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2009), 45.

[17] Charles Oman and Ganeshan Wignaraja, The Postwar Evolution of Development Thinking (New York: St.Martin's Press, 1991), 27.

[18] The Economist, "South Korea's Industrial Giants: The Chaebol Conundrum | The Economist," The Economist, March 31, 2011, Leaders, accessed July 07, 2011, http://www.economist.com/node/15816756.

[19] Note: Although the crisis is ‘officially’ over, and the international community agrees with this, there are still a lot of very pressing problems in Honduras that make it difficult to believe that this turmoil is over. Political tensions between the FNRP and other parties still exists, Zelaya continues with his rhetoric, security problems are imminent especially in the are of organized crime, and the economic repercussions of the crisis continue to be felt.

[20] Hugo Llorens, "Remarks Delivered by Ambassador Hugo Llorens on “Honduras Is Open for Business”," Embassy of the United States Tegucigalpa, Honduras, January 12, 2011, accessed July 11, 2011, http://honduras.usembassy.gov/sp-01-12-11-eng.html.

[21] Mario Bustillo, "Interview with the Executive Director of the Chamber of Commerce in Tegucigalpa, Honduras," interview by Aida Alvarenga, Council on Hemispheric Affairs, May 17, 2011.

[22] Dow Jones Newswires, "S&P Raises Rating Outlook On Honduras To Positive From Stable," The Wall Street Journal, June 14, 2011, Business, accessed June 15, 2011, http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20110614-710386.html.

[23] Gerardo Torres, "Honduras Is NOT Open for Business," Frente Nacional De Resistencia Popular - Sitio Oficial, May 9, 2011, accessed July 11, 2011, http://www.resistenciahonduras.net/index.php?option=com_content.

[24] Lisa Sullivan, "Honduras Is Open for Plunder," SOA Watch: Close the School of the Americas, May 10, 2011, accessed July 11, 2011, http://soaw.org/about-us/partnership-america-latina/212-delegations/3697-honduras-is-open-for-business-plunder.

[25] UNHCR. "Month of Violence Turns Honduras into World's Most Dangerous Country for Journalists." UNHCR Ref World. April 2, 2010. Accessed July 26, 2011. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,RSF,,HND,,4bc2cd2d2c,0.html.

[26] McGuire, Mary. "Freedom House Condemns Recent Murders, Attacks on Honduran Journalists." Freedom House. May 26, 2011. Accessed July 26, 2011. http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=70&release=1421.

 

[27] El Heraldo. "Identifican a Policía Entre Los Secuestradores - Sucesos - ElHeraldo.hn." El Heraldo Noticias. July 25, 2011. Accessed July 26, 2011. http://www.elheraldo.hn/Sucesos/Ediciones/2011/07/25/Noticias/Identifican-a-policia-entre-los-secuestradores.

[28] Taipei Times, "Taiwan, Honduras Sign Investment Cooperation Deal," May 8, 2011, accessed May 15, 2011, http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2011/05/08/2003502666.

[29] La Tribuna, Honduras, "Carne De Pollo De Honduras Será “devorada” En Jordania," May 18, 2011, Economia, accessed May 18, 2011, http://www.latribuna.hn/2011/05/18/carne-de-pollo-de-honduras-sera-%E2%80%9Cdevorada%E2%80%9D-en-jordania/.

The Politics of the Absurd: Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-FL) Proposes to Yield his Mighty Rhetorical Sword

[i]Josh Rogin, "House Panel Votes to Defund the OAS," The Cable | FOREIGN POLICY, July 20, 2011, accessed July 20, 2011,http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/07/20/ house_panel_votes_to_defund_the_oas.

[ii] United States. Congress. House of Representatives. Hot Topics: H.R. 1 (112th Congress) Appropriations. By Office of the Clerk. Accessed July 20, 2011. http://library.clerk.house.gov/hot.aspx.

[iii] House, Foreign Affairs Committee, A BILL To Authorize Appropriations for the Department of State for Fiscal Year 2012, and for Other Purposes., by Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, 112th Cong., 1st sess., H. Bill, 8.

[iv] Josh Rogin, "House Panel Votes to Defund the OAS," The Cable | FOREIGN POLICY, July 20, 2011, accessed July 20, 2011, http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/07/20/ house_panel_votes_to_defund_the_oas.

[v] Ibid.

[vi] Ibid.

[vii] Josh Rogin, "House Panel Votes to Defund the OAS," The Cable | FOREIGN POLICY, July 20, 2011, accessed July 20, 2011, http://thecable.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/07/20/ house_panel_votes_to_defund_the_oas.

[viii] Organization of American States. "OAS : Who We Are." Democracy for Peace, Security, and Development. Accessed July 21, 2011. http://www.oas.org/en/about/who_we_are.asp.

[ix] Organization of American States, "Multilateral Treaties & Agreements," OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for Peace, Security, and Development, accessed July 20, 2011, http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_A-41_Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.htm.

[x] Sean Bartlett, "The Organization of American States: On Its Deathbed?," Worldpress.org, October 28, 2007, accessed July 21, 2011, http://www.worldpress.org/Americas/2977.cfm

[xi] http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0711/59525.html

Hidden Hegemony: Canadian Mining in Latin America

[i.] Gordon, Todd and Webber, Jeffery R. 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin                 America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 70

[ii.] Derek Abma, "Our halo is wearing thin amid business scandals," Vancouver Sun, July 1, 2011, accessed July            5, 2011, http://www.vancouversun.com/story_print.html?id=5034584&sponsor=.

[iii.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 72

[iv.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 67-8

[v.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 66

[vi.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1,

[vii.] Stephen J. Randall, "Canada, the Caribbean and Latin America: Trade, Investment and Political Challenges,"         Canadian International Council, accessed July 7, 2011, http://www.opencanada.org/wp-    content/uploads/2011/05/Canada-the-Caribbean-and-Latin-America_-Trade-Investment-and-        Political-Challenges-Stephen-J.-Randall.pdf.

[viii.] Ibid.

[ix.] "Historical Exchange Rates," Accessed July 8, 2011, Oanda.com, http://www.oanda.com/currency/historical-          rates/.

[x.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 69

[xi.] "Statement Of Senator Patrick Leahy On Violence Against Antimining Activists In El      Salvador,"             Accessed July 21, 2011, The Office of Senator Patrick Healy,      http://leahy.senate.gov/press/press_releases/release/?id=e29a4642-bd56-46e1-  bda8-                94799fff9e53

[xii.]Edgardo Ayala. " Radio Station under Threat in Mining Region," Accessed July, 21, 2011, Inter Press Service,                 http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=56111

[xiii.] Ibid.

[xiv.] Ibid.

[xv.] Ibid.

[xvi.] Ibid.

[xvii.] Derek Abma, "Our halo is wearing thin amid business scandals," Vancouver Sun, July 1, 2011, accessed July            5, 2011, http://www.vancouversun.com/story_print.html?id=5034584&sponsor=.

[xviii.] Ibid.

[xix.] "Investing in Conflict, Public Money, Private Gain: Goldcorp in the Americas," Rights Action, Accessed June            22, 2011, http://www.rightsaction.org/Reports/research.pdf.

[xx.] Ibid.

[xi.] Ibid.

[xii.] Ibid.

[xiii.] Ibid.

[xiv.] Ibid.

[xv.] Ibid.

[xvi.] Ibid.

[xvii.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 64

[xviii.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 69

[xxix.] Joan Russow, "Canada Day 2011: 100 Reasons to Not Celebrate," Pacific Free Press, July            1, 2011,                 Accessed July 7, 2011, http://www.pacificfreepress.com/news/1-/9099-100-reasons-to-not-      celebrate-canada-day.html.

[xxx.] Ibid.

[xxxi.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 70

[xxxii.] Ibid.

[xxxiii.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 68

[xxxiv.] Todd Gordon and Jeffery R. Webber, 'Imperialism and Resistance: Canadian mining companies in Latin America', Third World Quarterly, 29:1, 72

[xxxv.] Lucien Chauvin, " Peru's Airport Siege: A Bad Omen for the New President," Time, June                 27, 2011,               Accessed July 7, 2011, http://www.time.com/time/world/article         /0,8599,2079964,00.html#ixzz1RWaxRMv0.

[xxxvi] Ibid.